Table 5.
 Sensitivity and specificity for ambulatory monitoring compared with clinic monitoring of blood pressure
| Study | Diagnostic thresholds (mm Hg)* | Sensitivity % (95% CI) | Specificity % (95% CI) | Likelihood ratio (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ambulatory | Clinic | Positive | Negative | |||
| Brueren 199535 | 91 (diastolic) | 95 (diastolic) | 67 (52 to 80) | 52 (37 to 67) | 1.39 (0.97 to 2.00) | 0.64 (0.39 to 1.04) |
| Brueren 199535 | 91 (diastolic) | 105 (diastolic) | 29 (17 to 44) | 98 (88 to 100) | 13.42 (1.84 to 97.96) | 0.72 (0.60 to 0.87) |
| Denolle199537 | 139/87 | 140/90 | 64 (31 to 89) | 0 (0 to 52) | 0.64 (0.41 to 1.00) | 0 |
| Elijovich 199238 | 139/88 | 140/90 | 89 (78 to 96) | 18 (4 to 43) | 1.08 (0.85 to 1.37) | 0.62 (0.17 to 2.21) |
| Flores 200039 | 135/85 | 140/90 | 100 (59 to 100) | 50 (34 to 66) | 2.00 (1.47 to 2.73) | 0 |
| Gourlay 199340 | 135/85 | 150/90 | 74 (49 to 91) | 87 (74 to 95) | 5.77 (2.61 to 12.77) | 0.30 (0.14 to 0.65) |
| Gourlay 199340 | 135/85 | 160/95 | 47 (24 to 71) | 94 (82 to 99) | 7.42 (2.25 to 24.47) | 0.56 (0.37 to 0.87) |
| Hoegholm 199441 | 90 (diastolic) | 90 (diastolic) | 95 (89 to 98) | 43 (29 to 57) | 1.65 (1.31 to 2.09) | 0.12 (0.05 to 0.29) |
| Imai 199642 | 133/78 | 140/90 | 42 (33 to 51) | 88 (84 to 90) | 3.36 (2.50 to 4.54) | 0.66 (0.57 to 0.77) |
| Imai 199642 | 144/85 | 140/90 | 58 (42 to 73) | 85 (82 to 87) | 3.76 (2.76 to 5.14) | 0.50 (0.35 to 0.71) |
| Imai 199642 | 133/78 | 160/95 | 17 (11 to 24) | 98 (96 to 99) | 7.74 (3.93 to 15.23) | 0.85 (0.79 to 0.92) |
| Imai 199642 | 144/85 | 160/95 | 33 (19 to 49) | 97 (95 to 98) | 10.43 (5.67 to 19.19) | 0.70 (0.57 to 0.86) |
| Larkin 199843 | 140/90 | 140/90 | 52 (31 to 72) | 78 (62 to 89) | 2.31 (1.16 to 4.60) | 0.62 (0.40 to 0.96) |
| Larkin 199843 | 135/85 | 140/90 | 50 (33 to 67) | 86 (68 to 96) | 3.63 (1.38 to 9.53) | 0.58 (0.41 to 0.83) |
| Larkin 199843 | See notes* | 140/90 | 53 (35 to 71) | 85 (68 to 95) | 3.51 (1.47 to 8.37) | 0.55 (0.37 to 0.82) |
| Modesti 199445 | See notes* | 90 (diastolic) | 80 (56 to 94) | 84 (76 to 90) | 5.01 (3.14 to 7.99) | 0.24 (0.10 to 0.57) |
| Ogedegbe 200846 | 135/85 | 140/90 | 68 (59 to 76) | 81 (72 to 88) | 3.55 (2.35 to 5.36) | 0.40 (0.31 to 0.52) |
| Ozdemir 200047 | See notes* | 140/90 | 80 (61 to 92) | 86 (78 to 93) | 5.91 (3.46 to 10.10) | 0.23 (0.11 to 0.48) |
| Shimbo 200948 | 135/85 | 140/90 | 57 (48 to 65) | 91 (83 to 96) | 6.12 (3.23 to 11.61) | 0.48 (0.39 to 0.59) |
| Stergiou 200049 | 140/90 | 140/90 | 86 (76 to 92) | 54 (39 to 68) | 1.86 (1.36 to 2.54) | 0.27 (0.15 to 0.48) |
| Stergiou 200049 | 135/85 | 140/90 | 81 (72 to 88) | 63 (44 to 79) | 2.17 (1.37 to 3.42) | 0.30 (0.19 to 0.49) |
| Stergiou 200550 | 135/85 | 140/90 | 86 (80 to 90) | 45 (32 to 58) | 1.56 (1.23 to 1.97) | 0.32 (0.21 to 0.49) |
| Trudel 200951 | 135/85 | 140/90 | 38 (34 to 42) | 98 (97 to 99) | 21.46 (14.99 to 30.72) | 0.63 (0.59 to 0.67) |
| Ungar 200452 | 135/85 | 140/90 | 89 (84 to 92) | 35 (25 to 45) | 1.35 (1.17 to 1.57) | 0.33 (0.22 to 0.50) |
| Zabludowski 199253 | 90 (diastolic) | 90 (diastolic) | 81 (71 to 89) | 47 (36 to 57) | 1.53 (1.23 to 1.90) | 0.40 (0.24 to 0.66) |
*Modesti45 used 95% confidence limit of controls (clinic normotension) for day (84 mm Hg) diastolic values. Larkin43 used 143/91 (day), 139/87 (24 h), 127/79 (night time). Ozdemir47 used ambulatory threshold 140/90 (waking) and 120/80 (sleeping) if % of raised readings exceeded 20%.