Table 2.
Clinical and paraclinical features of patients
| Clinical signs and symptoms | Dengue* | 95% CI | Malaria† | 95% CI | Other | 95% CI | Overall P values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duration of symptoms (days) | 3.5 | 2.4–4.6 | 4.8 | 4.0–5.5 | 5 | 4.1–5.9 | 0.33 |
| Chills (%) | 38 | 23–53 | 68 | 62–73 | 43 | 36–49 | < 0.01 |
| Headache (%) | 37 | 23–52 | 68 | 63–74 | 51 | 44–58 | < 0.01 |
| Eye pain (%) | 47 | 20–73 | 47 | 39–54 | 64 | 27–45 | 0.02 |
| Red face (%) | 14 | 4–25 | 2 | 1–4 | 5 | 2–7 | < 0.01 |
| Myalgia (%) | 23 | 10–36 | 31 | 25–36 | 28 | 22–34 | 0.54 |
| Joint pain (%) | 23 | 10–36 | 32 | 26–37 | 35 | 28–41 | 0.34 |
| Skin eruption (%) | 5 | 0–12 | n/a | n/a | 1 | 1–2 | n/a |
| Bleeding signs (%) | n/a | n/a | 1 | 1–3 | 0 | 0–1 | n/a |
| Adenopathies (%) | 5 | 0–11 | 2 | 1–4 | 1 | 0–2 | n/a |
| Cough (%) | 58 | 43–73 | 43 | 37–49 | 68 | 62–75 | < 0.01 |
| Dyspnoea (%) | 14 | 4–25 | 6 | 3–9 | 15 | 11–20 | < 0.01 |
| Diarrhea (%) | 7 | 0–15 | 10 | 7–14 | 12 | 8–16 | 0.55 |
| Vomiting (%) | 15 | 4–26 | 38 | 32–43 | 26 | 20–32 | < 0.01 |
| Taste modification (%) | 7 | 0–15 | 21 | 17–26 | 16 | 11–21 | 0.04 |
| Paraclinical parameters | |||||||
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 6.9 | 4.4–9.5 | 7 | 6.3–7.8 | 9.6 | 4.0–15.2 | 0.3 |
| AST (μL/L) | 41 | 27–55 | 52 | 10–95 | 33 | 28–38 | 0.3 |
| ALT (μL/L) | 21 | 13–30 | 31 | 0–64 | 18 | 15–21 | 0.4 |
| Creatinin (mmol/L) | 51 | 44–58 | 56 | 51–61 | 61 | 54–68 | 0.3 |
| Leukocytes (×109/L) | 10.4 | 6.7–14.1 | 6.3 | 5.8–6.8 | 9.2 | 8.1–10.4 | < 0.01 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 84 | 73–96 | 74 | 69–78 | 88 | 84–93 | < 0.01 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 27 | 24–31 | 25 | 24–26 | 29 | 28–31 | < 0.01 |
| Platelets (×109/L) | 191 | 136–245 | 97 | 86–108 | 175 | 156–193 | < 0.01 |
| Rate of plt < 150 × 109/L (%) | 46 | 25–66 | 84 | 78–90 | 47 | 38–56 | < 0.01 |
*
Definite and probable cases of dengue (IgG seroconversion ± NS1-positive or equivocal ± IgM in convalescent serum); refer to the text for complete definitions.
†
Clinical malaria confirmed by positive blood slide.