TABLE 2.
Incorporation of Hydrogen (Deuterium) During Lipid Synthesis
| Incorporation of Label per Newly Made Molecule |
|||
| Reference | Condition | Palmitate | Cholesterol |
| (44) | Isolated adipose tissue | ∼23 | ND |
| (45) | Isolated perfused livers | ∼22 | ND |
| (9) | Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo (∼80-104 h) | ∼20-23 | ∼26-28 |
| (12) | HRS hairless mice in vivo (∼5 days) | ∼20-24 m2/m1 | ND |
| ∼22-24 m3/m2 | |||
| (11) | Hep G2 and MCA cells | ∼16-18 | ∼18-21 |
| (10) | Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo (∼1-8 weeks) | ∼22-23 (liver) | ∼30-31 (liver) |
| ∼20-22 (brain, cord, nerve) | ∼25-29 (brain, cord, nerve) | ||
| (46) | Chinese hamster ovary cells | ND | ∼22 |
| (47) | Human fibroblasts, Hep G2 cells | ND | ∼20, ∼25 |
| (48) | Mice in vivo (∼98 days) | ND | ∼23 |
| (3) | Rodents in vivo | ND | ∼21-24 |
| Perfused organs, cultured cells in vitro | ND | ∼22-27 | |
| (7) | Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo (∼2 h) | ND | ∼22 |
Palmitate and cholesterol are typically made from the same precursor units (i.e., water, NADPH, and acetyl-CoA), although the absolute contribution of the different hydrogen sources varies. Different approaches were used to estimate the number of deuterium atoms incorporated per lipid molecule.
ND, not determined.