Table 1.
Published candidate genetic modifiers reported to influence cerebrovascular disease in children and adults
| Gene | Gene title | SNP | Reference | Gene ontology |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL4R | Interleukin-4 receptor | rs1805015 | 8, 10 | Inflammation |
| ADRB2 | Adrenergic β2 receptor | rs1042714; rs1042713 | 8, 10 | Blood pressure regulation |
| ADCY9 | Adenylate cyclase 9 | rs2072338; rs437115; rs2238432; rs2238426; rs2283497 | 9 | Neuronal signaling |
| ANXA2 | Annexin a2 | rs11853426 | 9 | Hypercoagulability |
| BMP6 | Bone morphogenetic protein 6 | rs267196; rs408505; rs267201; r s449853 | 9 | Inflammation |
| CCL2 | Chemokine (c-c motif) ligand 2 | rs4586 | 9 | Inflammation |
| CSF2 | Colony-stimulating factor 2 | rs25882 | 9 | Cellular adhesion |
| ECE1 | Endothelin converting enzyme 1 | rs212528; rs212531 | 9 | Cellular adhesion |
| ERG | V-ets virus e26 oncogene-like | rs989554 | 9 | Transcriptional regulator |
| MET | Met proto-oncogene | rs38850; rs38859 | 9 | Cell survival |
| SELP | Selectin P | rs2420378; rs3917733; rs3753306 | 9 | Cellular adhesion |
| TEK | Tek tyrosine kinase, endothelial | rs489347 | 9 | Cellular adhesion |
| TGFBR3 | Transforming growth factor-β receptor III | rs2148322; rs2765888; rs2007686; rs284875 | 9 | Inflammation |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor | rs1800629 | 8, 10 | Inflammation |
| LTC4S | Leukotriene c4 synthase | rs730012 | 8, 10 | Inflammation |
| MMP3 | Matrix metallopeptidase 3 | rs3025058 | 8, 10 | Inflammation |
| AGT | Angiotensinogen | rs699 | 8, 10 | Blood pressure regulation |
| LPL | Lipoprotein lipase | rs1800590 | 8, 10 | Lipid metabolism |
| BAI1 | Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 | rs11167147 | 11 | Angiogenesis |
| AIMP3 | Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 | rs7654865 | 11 | DNA repair |
| GPx-3 | Glutathione peroxidase 3 | 861 bp | 7 | Vascular tone |
| NINJ2 | Ninjurin 2 | rs12425791; rs11833579 | 12 | Cellular adhesion |
Thirty-eight SNPs in 22 genes have previous association with stroke. The suspected role of the gene in affecting risk of stroke is given in the gene ontology.