Table 2.
Age- and sex-adjusted means of biomarkers of chronic disease risk for all study participants and stratified by BMIa
| All | BMI (kg/m2) |
P-trendb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <25 | 25 – 30 | ≥30 | |||
| n | 330 | 96 | 123 | 111 | |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 124.1 ± 0.8 | 121.6 ± 1.5 | 123.4 ± 1.3 | 127.1 ± 1.4 | 0.009 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 72.7 ± 0.5 | 68.8 ± 0.9 | 71.7 ± 0.8 | 77.0 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
| Triglyceridesc, d (mg/dl) | 80.5 (76.9–84.3) | 66.0 (60.9–71.6) | 77.1 (71.9–82.7) | 99.9 (92.7–107.7) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterole (mg/dl) | 223.0 ± 2.3 | 223.5 ± 4.3 | 228.5 ± 3.7 | 216.6 ± 4.0 | 0.23 |
| LDL cholesterole (mg/dl) | 142.2 ± 2.0 | 138.7 ± 3.8 | 147.0 ± 3.3 | 139.9 ± 3.6 | 0.87 |
| HDL cholesterole (mg/dl) | 62.7 ± 0.9 | 71.0 ± 1.5 | 64.7 ± 1.3 | 53.4 ± 1.4 | <0.001 |
| ApoAl (g/l) | 1.74 ± 0.01 | 1.83 ± 0.02 | 1.77 ± 0.02 | 1.64 ± 0.02 | <0.001 |
| Glucosef (mg/dl) | 95.1 ± 0.6 | 91.4 ± 1.0 | 94.5 ± 0.9 | 99.0 ± 1.0 | <0.001 |
| Insuling (μU/ml) | 15.0 ± 0.4 | 12.0 ± 0.6 | 13.9 ± 0.5 | 18.7 ± 0.6 | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IRc | 3.2 (3.1–3.4) | 2.5 (2.3–2.7) | 3.1 (2.8–3.3) | 4.2 (3.9–4.6) | <0.001 |
| IGFl (μg/l) | 266.6 ± 4.7 | 267.1 ± 8.8 | 265.6 ± 7.7 | 267.4 ± 8.2 | 0.98 |
| IGFBP3 (μg/l) | 4391 ± 51 | 4240 ± 93 | 4227 ± 81 | 4699 ± 86 | <0.001 |
| CRPc (mg/l) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 0.9 (0.7–1.0) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | <0.001 |
| IL6c (ng/l) | 0.08 (0.07–0.09) | 0.07 (0.06–0.10) | 0.07 (0.06–0.09) | 0.10 (0.08–0.12) | 0.17 |
| sTNFR2c (ng/l) | 1995 (1869–2129) | 1963 (1734–2223) | 1974 (1773–2198) | 2045 (1824–2292) | 0.64 |
| Leptinc (μg/l) | 8.0 (7.4–8.6) | 4.1 (3.7–4.5) | 8.0 (7.3–8.7) | 13.9 (12.7–15.3) | <0.001 |
| Adiponectin (mg/l) | 8.8 ± 0.2 | 11.3 ± 0.4 | 9.0 ± 0.3 | 6.4 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
a
Values are age- and sex-adjusted means ± SE or geometric means (95% CI) for log-transformed variables.
b
P values for trend across BMI categories based on linear regression models adjusted for age and sex.
c
Log-transformed values were used in the least square means analysis; adjusted means and 95% CIs were back-transformed.
d
To convert triglycerides from mg/dl to mmol/l, multiply by 0.0113.
e
To convert cholesterol (total, HDL and LDL) from mg/dl to mmol/l, multiply by 0.0259.
f
To convert glucose from mg/dl to mmol/l, multiply by 0.0555.
g
To convert insulin from μU/ml to pmol/l, multiply by 6.945.