A) Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR by the abbreviated Modification in Diet and Renal Disease equation). All of the participants had significant declines in their eGFR over the follow-up period (P<0.001). There were no differences between the 3 groups at the baseline visit, the follow-up visit, or in their decline over time (P>0.05).
B) Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR). Overall there was a difference in ACR by PME use (age-adjusted P=0.003). Never users had a significant increase in ACR (age-adjusted P=0.0007), whereas current users had a significant decline over time (age-adjusted P=0.02). Statistics performed on natural-log of ACR due to non-normal distribution, geometric means are presented in (parentheses).
C) Systolic blood pressure (SBP). At the baseline visit and the follow-up visit, no differences in SBP were noted by PME usage. Never users showed an increase in SBP over the follow-up (age-adjusted P value= 0.02), whereas there was no change in the past and current users. Overall, by mixed model analysis the differences between the 3 PME groups were statistically significant (age-adjusted P=0.05).
D) Diastolic blood pressure (DBP). At the baseline visit, DBP was similar in the 3 PME groups, but by the follow-up visit, never users had higher DBP than the current and past users (age-adjusted P=0.04), in part because the current and past users had significant declines in their DBP over the 10-year follow-up (age-adjusted P<0.001 for each group). The overall mixed model between the 3 PME groups had age-adjusted P=0.07.