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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Anesth Analg. 2011 May 19;113(1):175–183. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31821a0258

Neuropeptide mediated up-regulation of epidermal interleukin (IL)-1 receptor (IL-1R) expression. A) Immunohistochemistry of IL-1R and keratin before and after (2h) Substance P (SP) injection of hindpaw skin. B) The IL-1 receptor mRNA expression in the hindpaw skin 2 hours after administration of SP 1000 ng/15 μl and vehicle.

Neuropeptide mediated up-regulation of epidermal interleukin (IL)-1 receptor (IL-1R) expression. A) Immunohistochemistry of IL-1R and keratin before and after (2h) Substance P (SP) injection of hindpaw skin. B) The IL-1 receptor mRNA expression in the hindpaw skin 2 hours after administration of SP 1000 ng/15 μl and vehicle.