. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2011 Jul;31(7):1485–1494. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.221101

Table 1. Developmental origins of vascular SMCs.

Origin	VSMC location	Ref.
Neural crest	pharyngeal arch arteries, including ascending aorta, aortic arch, innominate, left and right carotid arteries and right subclavian artery	^{95, 96}
Proepicardium	coronary vessels	^{95, 97}
Serosal mesothelium	mesenteric vasculature	⁹⁸
Secondary heart field	base of the aorta and pulmonary trunk	^{99, 100}
Somites	descending thoracic aorta	^{101, 102}