Synergy of imatinib and CTX in RIP-Tag2 tumors in vivo but not in vitro. Tumor growth in RIP-Tag2 mice treated from 12 weeks of age was unaffected by imatinib alone daily for 28 days, but was stopped by CTX alone and was reversed by CTX administered together with imatinib, indicative of synergistic actions of the two agents in vivo (A). However, imatinib did not increase the effect of a broad range of concentrations of 4-OH-CTX on tumor cell proliferation in vitro, consistent with an indirect effect of imatinib on tumor cells in vivo (B). Pretreatment with imatinib for 5 days led to significantly higher 4-OH-CTX concentrations in RIP-Tag2 tumors at both 1 (left) and 6 hours (right) after an injection of CTX (C). P < 0.05 compared to *vehicle, †imatinib alone, or ‡CTX alone.