Event-related spectral potentials (ERSP) averaged with respect to reach direction for a single (a) epidural and (b) intracortical electrode. Each plot shows the average ERSP (in units of log spectral power relative to the -1 to -0.75 s baseline) over all trials to that direction. Plots are spatially arranged in the direction of the reach (up, down, left, and right). In these examples, both EFPs and LFPs show increased high gamma power for reaches in the up direction, with the EFP also showing some increased power in reaches to the left. These changes started slightly before movement onset (purple dashed lines) and ended at movement offset (black dotted lines).