Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of the currently pregnant and nonpregnant sample (n = 995)a
| Pregnant Participants (n = 68)b |
Nonpregnant Participants (n = 927)b |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | Effect size (Cramer’s Phi)c |
p-value | |
| Age cohort | ||||||
| Younger (mean age = 23.0) | 24 | 35.4 | 268 | 28.9 | .04 | .256 |
| Older (mean age = 26.2) | 44 | 64.6 | 659 | 71.1 | ||
| Race | ||||||
| White | 26 | 38.6 | 457 | 50.0 | .101 | |
| African American | 15 | 22.6 | 170 | 18.6 | ||
| Asian | 21 | 30.8 | 167 | 18.3 | .10 | |
| Hispanic | 3 | 4.4 | 46 | 5.0 | ||
| Native American | 1 | 2.1 | 31 | 3.4 | ||
| Mixed/Other | 1 | 1.5 | 44 | 4.8 | ||
| Socio-economic Status | ||||||
| Low | 27 | 40.8 | 138 | 15.5 | < .001 | |
| Lower middle | 9 | 14.1 | 162 | 18.1 | ||
| Middle | 16 | 23.6 | 250 | 28.1 | .18 | |
| High middle | 12 | 18.0 | 207 | 23.3 | ||
| High | 2 | 3.6 | 134 | 15.1 | ||
| Relationship Status | ||||||
| Single/Casually dating | 3 | 5.0 | 304 | 33.0 | < .001 | |
| Committed relationship, but not married | 30 | 45.3 | 430 | 46.6 | .22 | |
| Married | 28 | 43.3 | 180 | 19.5 | ||
| Separated or divorced | 4 | 6.3 | 8 | 0.9 | ||
| Other children | ||||||
| None | 30 | 44.1 | 655 | 71.0 | .15 | < .001 |
| One or more | 38 | 55.9 | 267 | 29.0 | ||
a
The analysis sample of n = 995 excludes 88 (from the total 1083) women. This includes 13 who did not respond to the pregnancy question, 27 women who identified as breastfeeding, and 48 who, at the previous EAT survey 5 years earlier, were pregnant or breastfeeding or missing responses on these variables.
b
Total ns vary slightly within characteristics due to missing responses.
c
Cramer’s Phi is an effect size measure for contingency tables and is equal to the square root of the Chi-square statistic divided by n. Values between .10–.30 are considered small, .30–.50 moderate and >0.50 large.