Table 3.
Polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinases in hepatocellular carcinoma
| Gene | SNP | Reference | Cancer type | Ethnicity | Case/control | Outcome parameter | Results | Parameter OR | OR | 95% CI | P value |
| MMP-1 | -1607 1G/2G | Matsumura[65] | Gastric | Japanese | 215/166 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Clinicopathol. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | ||||||||||
| Jin[42] | GCA | Chinese | 183/350 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases | ||||||||||
| MMP-2 | -1306 C/T | Zhang[53] | Gastric | Chinese | 228/774 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in CC | CC vs CT/TT | 1.67 | 1.17-2.38 | |
| Wu[55] | Gastric | Taiwanese | 240/283 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| LN metastases | Increased risk of lymphatic invasion in CC | CC vs CT+TT | 2.77 | 1.27-6.04 | 0.01 | ||||||
| Venous invasion | Increased risk of venous invasion in CC | CC vs CT+TT | 2.93 | 1.27-6.78 | 0.012 | ||||||
| Survival | No difference in survival | ||||||||||
| Kubben[14] | Gastric | Caucasian | 79/169 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Tumor-related survival | No difference in tumor-related survival | ||||||||||
| Alakus[56] | Gastric | Caucasian | 135/58 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| MMP-2 protein expression | No correlation with protein expression | ||||||||||
| Overall survival | No difference in overall survival | ||||||||||
| Li[39] | GCA | Chinese | 257/624 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Miao[54] | GCA | Chinese | 356/789 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in CC | CC vs CT+TT | 3.36 | 2.34-4.97 | |||
| Distant metastases | No difference in metastases | ||||||||||
| MMP-2 | -735 C/T | Li[39] | GCA | Chinese | 257/624 | Cancer risk | Trend towards increased cancer risk in CC | CC vs CT+TT | 1.36 | 0.99-1.87 | 0.06 |
| Cancer risk in non-smoker | Increased cancer risk in CC in non-smoker | CC vs CT+TT | 1.7 | 1.07-2.68 | 0.02 | ||||||
| MMP-3 | -1171 6A/5A | Zhang[44] | GCA | Chinese | 183/350 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Cancer risk in smoker | No difference in cancer risk in smoker | ||||||||||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases | ||||||||||
| Infiltration depth | No difference in infiltration depth | ||||||||||
| MMP-8 | -799 C/T | Kubben[14] | Gastric | Caucasian | 79/169 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Tumor-related survival | No difference in tumor-related survival | ||||||||||
| MMP-7 | -181 A/G | Sugimoto[63] | Gastric | Japanese | 160/434 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in G-allele carriers | AG+GG vs AA | 2.32 | 1.24-4.35 | 0.009 |
| Cancer stage | Increased cancer stage in G allele carriers | AG+GG vs AA | 3.66 | 1.54-8.73 | 0.003 | ||||||
| Kubben[14] | Gastric | Caucasian | 79/169 | Cancer risk | More AA and less AG in cancer group | AG+GG vs AA | 0.50 | 0.28-0.87 | < 0.04 | ||
| Tumor-related survival | No difference in tumor-related survival | ||||||||||
| Li[64] | Gastric | Chinese | 338/380 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in G allele carriers | AG+GG vs AA | 1.95 | 1.24-3.05 | 0.004 | ||
| LN metastases | Increased risk of LN metastases in G allele | AG+GG vs AA | 0.040 | ||||||||
| Cancer stage | More advanced cancer stage in G allele | AG+GG vs AA | 0.007 | ||||||||
| Alakus[56] | Gastric | Caucasian | 135/58 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | AG+GG vs AA | 1.06 | 0.69-1.64 | 0.79 | ||
| Overall survival | No difference in overall survival | ||||||||||
| Zhang[45] | GCA | Chinese | 201/350 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in G allele carriers | AG+GG vs AA | 1.96 | 1.17-3.29 | |||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases | ||||||||||
| MMP-7 | -153 C/T | Kubben[14] | Gastric | Caucasian | 79/169 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Tumor-related survival | No difference in tumor-related survival | ||||||||||
| MMP-8 | 17 C/G | Kubben[14] | Gastric | Caucasian | 79/169 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Tumor-related survival | No difference in tumor-related survival | ||||||||||
| MMP-9 | R279Q | Tang[59] | Gastric | Chinese | 74/100 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| LN metastases | Increased risk of LN metastases in RR | RR vs QQ+RQ | 5.74 | 1.59-13.43 | |||||||
| MMP-9 | P574R | Tang[59] | Gastric | Chinese | 74/100 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| LN metastases | Increased risk of LN metastases in PP | PP vs RR+PR | 4.17 | 1.39-11.78 | |||||||
| MMP-9 | -1562 C/T | Kubben[14] | Gastric | Caucasian | 79/169 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Tumor-related survival | No difference in tumor-related survival | ||||||||||
| Matsumura[57] | Gastric | Japanese | 177/224 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Infiltration depth | Deeper submucosal infiltration in T allele | CT+TT vs CC | 2.61 | 1.07-6.34 | 0.034 | ||||||
| Lymphatic invasion | Increased lymphatic invasion in T allele | CT+TT vs CC | 2.27 | 1.09-4.74 | 0.028 | ||||||
| TNM classification | More advanced stage cancer in T allele | CT+TT vs CC | 2.26 | 1.12-4.55 | 0.022 | ||||||
| Venous invasion | No difference in venous invasion | CT+TT vs CC | 1.98 | 0.99-3.97 | 0.053 | ||||||
| Zhang[53] | Gastric | Chinese | 228/774 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Wu[58] | Gastric | Taiwanese | 263/354 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| MMP-12 | -82 A/G | Li[39] | GCA | Chinese | 335/624 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Cancer risk in smoker | No difference in cancer risk in smoker | ||||||||||
| MMP-13 | -77 A/G | Li[39] | GCA | Chinese | 257/624 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Cancer risk in smoker | Decreased cancer risk in AG in smoker | AG vs AA/AG | 0.47 | 0.28-0.8 | 0.01 | ||||||
| Zhang[41] | GCA | Chinese | 243/609 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Cancer risk in smoker | Decreased cancer risk in AG in smoker | ||||||||||
| TIMP-1 | 372 C/T | Kubben[14] | Gastric | Caucasian | 79/169 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Tumor-related survival | No difference in tumor-related survival | ||||||||||
| TIMP-2 | -418 G/C | Kubben[14] | Gastric | Caucasian | 79/169 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Tumor-related survival | No difference in tumor-related survival | ||||||||||
| Wu[55] | Gastric | Taiwanese | 240/283 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| LN metastases | Increased risk of LN metastases in GG | GG vs CG+GG | 2.87 | 1.22-6.76 | 0.16 | ||||||
| Venous invasion | Increased venous invasion in GG | GG vs CG+GG | 2.65 | 1.08-6.49 | 0.033 | ||||||
| Survival | No difference in survival | ||||||||||
| Yang[66] | Gastric | China | 206/206 | Cancer risk | More C-alleles in cancer patients | CC+CG vs GG | 1.51 | 1.00-2.26 | 0.049 | ||
| Clinicopathol. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | ||||||||||
| TIMP-2 | 303 C/T | Kubben[14] | Gastric | Caucasian | 79/169 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Tumor-related survival | Better survival in CC patients | CC vs CT/TT | 4.45 | 1.81-10.9 | 0.001 | ||||||
| Alakus[56] | Gastric | Caucasian | 135/58 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| LN metastases | More LN metastases in CC | 0.01 | |||||||||
| Distant metastases | Increased risk of distant metastases in CC | 0.022 | |||||||||
| Survival | No difference in survival |
SNP: Single nucleotide polymorphism; GCA: Gastric Cardia Adenocarcinoma; LN: Lymph node; OR: Odds ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; Clinicopath. par.: Clinicopathological parameters. 1Except histological subtype.