Table 5.
Polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinases in colorectal cancer
| Gene | SNP | Reference | Ethnicity | Case/control | Parameter | Results | Parameter OR | OR | 95% CI | P value |
| MMP-1 | -1607 1G/2G | Ghilardi[92] | Caucasian | 60/164 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in 2G/2G | 2G/2G vs 1G/1G + 1G/2G | 2.21 | 1.17-4.16 | 0.014 |
| Distant metastases | Increased risk of metastases in 2G/2G | 2G/2G vs 1G/1G + 1G/2G | 4.73 | 1.46-15.26 | 0.008 | |||||
| Zinzindohoue[99] | Caucasian | 201/0 | Survival | Overall survival worse in 2G/2G | 2G/2G vs 1G/1G | 5.4 | 2.0-14.7 | 0.001 | ||
| Hettiaratchi[96] | Australian | 503/471 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Survival | Increased survival in 2G/2G | 2G/2G vs 1G/2G + 1G/1G | 0.43 | 0.19-0.96 | 0.040 | |||||
| Clinicopath. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| Woo[89] | Korean | 185/304 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in 2G/2G and G-allele | 2G/2G in patients vs controls | 1.8 | 1.23-2.64 | 0.044 | ||
| LN metastases | More often >10 LN in 2G/2G | |||||||||
| Fang[94] | Chinese | 237/252 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Xu[97] | Chinese | 126/126 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Clinicopath. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| Przybylowska[98] | Caucasian | 33/52 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Hinoda[91] | Japanese | 101/127 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in 2G/2G | 2G/2G vs 1G/1G + 1G/2G | 2.08 | 1.22-3.53 | 0.007 | ||
| Clinicopath. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| Biondi[93] | Caucasian | 63/164 | Cancer risk | More 2G allele in cancer patients | < 0.08 | |||||
| de Lima[95] | Brasilian | 130/130 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Distant metastases | Increased risk of metastases in 1G allele (trend) | |||||||||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases | |||||||||
| Elander[90] | Caucasian | 127/208 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in 2G allele carriers | 2G allele vs 1G allele | 1.41 | 1.02-1.96 | 0.037 | ||
| Clinicopath. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| Kouhkan[88] | Iranian | 150/100 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in 2G/2G and G-allele | ||||||
| Distant metastases | Earlier metastases in 2G/2G | |||||||||
| MMP-2 | -1306 C/T | Xu[102] | Chinese | 126/126 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in CC | CC vs CT+TT | 1.96 | 1.06-3.64 | < 0.05 |
| Infiltration depth | More serosa/adventitia involvement in CC | CC vs CT+TT | 0.042 | |||||||
| Hettiaratchi[96] | Australian | 503/471 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Survival | No difference in survival | |||||||||
| Clinicopath. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| Langers[105] | Caucasian | 215/0 | Survival | 10 year survival worse in TT | CC/CT vs TT | 1.4 | 1.02-1.91 | 0.038 | ||
| Ohtani[103] | Japanese | 47/67 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Elander[90] | Caucasian | 127/208 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Clinicopath. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| MMP-2 | -790 T/G | Xu[104] | Chinese | 126/126 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Infiltration depth | No difference in infiltration depth | |||||||||
| MMP-2 | -955 A/C | Xu[104] | Chinese | 126/126 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Infiltration depth | No difference in infiltration depth | |||||||||
| MMP-2 | -1575 G/A | Xu[104] | Chinese | 126/126 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in GG and G allele | GG vs GA+AA | 1.96 | 1.06-3.64 | 0.04 |
| Infiltration depth | More serosa/adventitia infiltration in GG | GG vs GA+AA | < 0.05 | |||||||
| MMP-3 | -1171 5A/6A | Hinoda[91] | Japanese | 101/127 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in 6A/6A | 6A/6A vs 5A/5A + 5A/6A | 2.11 | 1.17-3.82 | 0.01 |
| Clinicopath. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| Biondi[93] | Caucasian | 63/164 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Ghilardi[92] | Caucasian | 60/164 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Distant metastases | No difference in metastases | |||||||||
| Woo[89] | Korean | 185/304 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases | |||||||||
| Ohtani[103] | Japanese | 47/67 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Elander[90] | Caucasian | 127/208 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Clinicopath var. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| Zinzindohoue[99] | Caucasian | 201/0 | Survival | No difference in overall survival | ||||||
| Hettiaratchi[96] | Australian | 503/471 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Survival | No difference in survival | |||||||||
| Clinicopath. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| Xu[97] | Chinese | 126/126 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Clinicopath. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| MMP-7 | -153 C/T | Ghilardi[111] | Caucasian | 58/111 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in T allele carriers | T allele in patients vs controls | 2.2 | 0.89-5.48 | 0.05 |
| Clinicopath. par. | No correlation with any clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| Langers[110] | Caucasian | 174/0 | Survival | Better survival in CC patients | CC vs CT+TT (LR) | 14 | 0.001 | |||
| MMP-7 | -181 A/G | Woo[89] | Korean | 185/304 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases | |||||||||
| Fang[94] | Chinese | 237/252 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Ghilardi[111] | Caucasian | 58/111 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in GG | GG in patients vs controls | 2.41 | 0.98-5.89 | 0.03 | ||
| Distant metastases | GG more often distant metastases | G in M+ vs M- | 7.5 | 2.07-27.19 | 0.001 | |||||
| LN metastases | GG more frequent LN metastases | |||||||||
| Ohtani[103] | Japanese | 47/67 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Langers[110] | Caucasian | 174/0 | Survival | No difference in survival | ||||||
| de Lima[95] | Brasilian | 130/130 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Distant metastases | No difference in metastases | |||||||||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases | |||||||||
| MMP-9 | R279Q | Woo[89] | Korean | 185/304 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases | |||||||||
| Xing[106] | Chinese | 137/199 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases | |||||||||
| Fang[94] | Chinese | 237/252 | Cancer incidence | Increased cancer risk in RR | RR vs QQ | 2.21 | 1.25-3.93 | 0.006 | ||
| MMP-9 | -90(CA)n | Woo[89] | Korean | 185/304 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases | |||||||||
| MMP-9 | -1562 C/T | Xu[107] | Chinese | 126/126 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| Infiltration depth | No difference in infiltration depth | |||||||||
| Woo[89] | Korean | 185/304 | Cancer risk | Increased cancer risk in CC patients | GG in patients vs controls | 1.7 | 1.04-2.66 | 0.03 | ||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases | |||||||||
| Xing[106] | Chinese | 137/199 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| LN metastases | Increased risk of LN metastases in CT+TT | CT+TT vs CC | 0.02 | |||||||
| Langers[105] | Caucasian | 215/0 | Survival | No difference in survival | ||||||
| Ohtani[103] | Japanese | 47/67 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Elander[90] | Caucasian | 127/208 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||||
| Clinicopath. par. | No relationschip with clinicopath. par. | |||||||||
| MMP-12 | -82A/G | Woo[89] | Korean | 185/304 | Cancer risk | No difference in cancer risk | ||||
| LN metastases | No difference in LN metastases |
SNP: Single nucleotide polymorphism; LN: Lymph node; Clinicopath. par.: Clinicopathological parameters; OR: Odds ratio; aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval.