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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011 Jul;128(1):305–310. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e318219c171

Table 5.

Grade Practice Recommendations*

Grade Descriptor Qualifying Evidence Implications for Practice
A Strong recommendation Level I evidence or consistent findings from multiple studies of levels II, III, or IV Clinicians should follow a strong recommendation unless a clear and compelling rationale for an alternative approach is present
B Recommendation Levels II, III, or IV evidence and findings are generally consistent Generally, clinicians should follow a recommendation but should remain alert to new information and sensitive to patient preferences
C Option Levels II, III, or IV evidence, but findings are inconsistent Clinicians should be flexible in their decision-making regarding appropriate practice, although they may set bounds on alternatives; patient preference should have a substantial influencing role
D Option Level V evidence: little or no systematic empirical evidence Clinicians should consider all options in their decision making and be alert to new published evidence that clarifies the balance of benefit versus harm; patient preference should have a substantial influencing role