Table 3.
Hazard ratios for mortality by dental health behaviors among subjects with teeth, Leisure World Cohort Study, 1992–2009.
| Men | Women | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Model 1* | Model 2* | No. | Model 1* | Model 2* | |||||
| HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | |||
| Brush my teeth in the morning | ||||||||||
| Everyday | 1196 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 3014 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Sometimes | 176 | 1.03 | 0.87–1.21 | 1.08 | 0.91–1.29 | 250 | 1.14 | 0.99–1.31 | 1.13 | 0.98–1.30 |
| Never | 171 | 0.94 | 0.79–1.12 | 0.95 | 0.80–1.12 | 203 | 0.99 | 0.85–1.15 | 151.01 | 0.86–1.17 |
| Brush my teeth at night before bed | ||||||||||
| Everyday | 1112 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2895 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Sometimes | 222 | 1.17 | 1.01–1.37 | 1.13 | 0.97–1.32 | 350 | 1.17 | 1.03–1.32 | 1.13 | 1.00–1.28 |
| Never | 209 | 1.36 | 1.16–1.58 | 1.34 | 1.14–1.57 | 222 | 1.19 | 1.02–1.38 | 1.19 | 1.02–1.38 |
| Brush my teeth during the day | ||||||||||
| Everyday | 265 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 965 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Sometimes | 521 | 0.99 | 0.85–1.16 | 0.95 | 0.81–1.12 | 1498 | 1.01 | 0.92–1.10 | 0.98 | 0.90–1.07 |
| Never | 757 | 1.09 | 0.94–1.26 | 1.06 | 0.91–1.23 | 1004 | 1.14 | 1.03–1.25 | 1.10 | 1.00–1.21 |
| Use dental floss | ||||||||||
| Everyday | 462 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1572 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Sometimes | 603 | 1.18 | 1.03–1.34 | 1.14 | 1.00–1.30 | 1226 | 1.05 | 0.97–1.14 | 1.03 | 0.95–1.12 |
| Never | 478 | 1.31 | 1.15–1.50 | 1.27 | 1.11–1.46 | 669 | 1.31 | 1.19–1.45 | 1.28 | 1.16–1.42 |
| Use mouth wash | ||||||||||
| Everyday | 400 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1134 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Sometimes | 543 | 0.99 | 0.87–1.14 | 1.01 | 0.88–1.16 | 1249 | 1.00 | 0.91–1.09 | 0.98 | 0.90–1.07 |
| Never | 600 | 0.92 | 0.80–1.05 | 0.93 | 0.81–1.07 | 1084 | 0.98 | 0.89–1.07 | 1.00 | 0.91–1.10 |
| Use a tooth pick | ||||||||||
| Everyday | 363 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 710 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Sometimes | 661 | 0.93 | 0.81–1.07 | 0.95 | 0.83–1.10 | 1306 | 0.99 | 0.89–1.10 | 0.98 | 0.88–1.09 |
| Never | 519 | 1.00 | 0.87–1.15 | 1.01 | 0.88–1.16 | 1451 | 1.05 | 0.95–1.16 | 1.04 | 0.94–1.15 |
| Brush my teeth | ||||||||||
| Everyday morning, day and night | 217 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 870 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Everyday morning and night, not everyday day | 646 | 1.06 | 0.90–1.24 | 1.01 | 0.86–1.20 | 1679 | 1.04 | 0.95–1.14 | 1.01 | 0.93–1.11 |
| Everyday night, not everyday morning/day | 249 | 0.96 | 0.80–1.17 | 0.96 | 0.79–1.17 | 346 | 1.00 | 0.87–1.14 | 0.98 | 0.86–1.13 |
| Everyday morning/day, not everyday night | 350 | 1.26 | 1.06–1.51 | 1.19 | 0.99–1.43 | 496 | 1.13 | 1.00–1.28 | 1.09 | 0.97–1.24 |
| Not everyday | 81 | 1.41 | 1.08–1.83 | 1.37 | 1.05–1.80 | 76 | 1.91 | 1.49–2.44 | 1.77 | 1.38–2.28 |
| Brush my teeth at night before bed among subjects who use dental floss everyday | ||||||||||
| Everyday | 403 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1432 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Sometimes | 26 | 1.20 | 0.79–1.82 | 1.28 | 0.82–1.99 | 77 | 0.94 | 0.72–1.23 | 0.87 | 0.66–1.15 |
| Never | 33 | 1.36 | 0.92–1.99 | 1.33 | 0.87–2.01 | 63 | 1.23 | 0.93–1.62 | 1.21 | 0.91–1.60 |
| Use dental floss among subjects who brush teeth at night before bed everyday | ||||||||||
| Everyday | 403 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1432 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Sometimes | 422 | 1.17 | 1.01–1.36 | 1.14 | 0.98–1.33 | 988 | 1.04 | 0.95–1.14 | 1.02 | 0.93–1.12 |
| Never | 287 | 1.26 | 1.08–1.48 | 1.25 | 1.06–1.48 | 475 | 1.24 | 1.11–1.39 | 1.20 | 1.07–1.34 |
| Number of dental visits within the last 12 months | ||||||||||
| 2+ | 1173 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2671 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 1 | 235 | 1.05 | 0.91–1.22 | 1.06 | 0.91–1.23 | 505 | 1.04 | 0.94–1.16 | 1.07 | 0.96–1.18 |
| 0 | 135 | 1.48 | 1.23–1.79 | 1.46 | 1.21–1.77 | 291 | 1.33 | 1.17–1.51 | 1.31 | 1.14–1.50 |
*Model 1: adjusted for age at entry.
Model 2: adjusted for age at entry, smoking, alcohol, caffeine, active activities, other activities, body mass index, high blood pressure, angina, heart attack, stroke, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer.