Table 4.
Univariate analysis of variables associated with functional limitation variables.
| Variables | Functional limitation present | Functional limitation absent | Unadjusted prevalence ratio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present frequency (%) | Absent frequency (%) | PR (95% CI) | |
| Age group | |||
| 60–64 | 38 (6.3) | 565 (93.7) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| 65–69 | 70 (14.1) | 427 (85.9) | 5.5 (4.2, 6.8) |
| 70–74 | 105 (25.8) | 302 (74.2) | 10.3 (6.6, 14.7) |
| ≥ 75 | 150 (47.3) | 167 (52.7) | 18.5 (11.1, 33.7) |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 130 (15.3) | 717 (84.7) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Female | 218 (22.3) | 759 (77.7) | 3.6 (2.5, 5.8) |
| Ethnic group | |||
| Kanuri | 320 (20.9) | 1312 (79.1) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Fulani | 38 (23.6) | 123 (76.4) | 1.2 (0.7, 1.5) |
| Hausa | 15 (11.4) | 123 (88.6) | 1.1 (0.7, 2.4) |
| Education level | |||
| Tertiary education | 1 (7.1) | 13 (92.9) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Secondary education | 17 (11.8) | 144 (88.2) | 2.2 (1.3, 3.6) |
| Primary education | 90 (19.5) | 424 (80.5) | 3.7 (2.6, 5.8) |
| No formal education | 332 (29.3) | 803 (70.7) | 6.3 (3.8, 11.6) |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 240 (20.60) | 926 (79.4) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Widowed | 110 (23.5) | 359 (76.5) | 2.2 (1.3, 3.5) |
| Single | 2 (1.6) | 122 (98.4) | 2.7 (1.6, 3.7) |
| Divorced | 1 (1.5) | 64 (98.5) | 2.9 (1.8, 4.4) |
| Living arrangements | |||
| Living with others | 340 (21.1) | 1272 (78.9) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Living alone | 37 (17.5) | 175 (82.5) | 2.3 (1.4, 2.7) |
| Social support | |||
| Not at risk of isolation | 280 (18.8) | 1213 (81.3) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| At risk of isolation | 88 (26.6) | 243 (73.4) | 2.8 (1.9, 4.5) |
| Presence of chronic disease | |||
| None | 37 (5.7) | 604 (94.3) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| One chronic disease | 230 (23.1) | 767 (76.9) | 9.6 (5.7, 12.4) |
| More than one chronic-disease | 73 (39.2) | 113 (60.8) | 18.8 (9.4, 35.7) |
| Diabetes | |||
| No | 160 (17.2) | 766 (82.8) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Yes | 337 (37.5) | 561 (62.5) | 9.4 (8.7, 12.8) |
| Arthritis | |||
| No | 171 (14.5) | 1001 (85.5) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Yes | 260 (39.9) | 392 (60.1) | 8.9 (6.8, 11.5) |
| Stroke | |||
| No | 255 (20.4) | 993 (79.6) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Yes | 251 (43.6) | 325 (56.4) | 5.8 (3.9, 7.2) |
| Depressive symptomatology | |||
| No | 211 (15.2) | 1176 (84.8) | 1.0 (Reference) 1387 |
| Yes | 163 (37.3) | 274 (62.7) | 9.9 (7.4, 14.5) |
| Presenting visual acuity | |||
| Normal | 252 (16.8) | 1250 (83.2) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Mild to moderate-Visual impairment | 70 (31.7) | 151 (68.3) | 1.8 (1.2, 2.9) |
| Blind | 40 (33.1) | 81 (66.9) | 5.6 (3.7, 8.8) |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | |||
| Normal | 158 (20.8) | 600 (78.1) | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Underweight | 198 (25.6) | 575 (74.4) | 2.4 (1.9, 4.2) |
| Overweight | 44 (20.2) | 174 (79.8) | 2.6 (2.2, 4.7) |
| Obese | 13 (17.3) | 62 (82.7) | 2.7 (2.5, 5.3) |