Table 1.
Heart rate (bpm) during in vivo study
| Group | Baseline | Coronary occlusion | Reperfusion |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 min | 30 min | 60 min | 120 min | |||
| C57BL/6 mice | ||||||
| CON | 404 ± 12 | 411 ± 16 | 425 ± 18 | 413 ± 18 | 401 ± 21 | 391 ± 16 |
| HG | 393 ± 16 | 403 ± 14 | 399 ± 13 | 417 ± 15 | 404 ± 25 | 423 ± 13 |
| IPC | 418 ± 16 | 403 ± 14 | 414 ± 13 | 435 ± 12 | 394 ± 20 | 382 ± 15 |
| IPC+HG | 389 ± 26 | 412 ± 16 | 420 ± 12 | 408 ± 11 | 399 ± 16 | 408 ± 18 |
| IPC + HOsm | 422 ± 18 | 397 ± 19 | 401 ± 21 | 407 ± 27 | 395 ± 26 | 411 ± 26 |
| WT littermate mice | ||||||
| CON | 403 ± 14 | 414 ± 14 | 432 ± 15 | 421 ± 12 | 412 ± 15 | 408 ± 16 |
| l-NAME | 391 ± 11 | 389 ± 12 | 413 ± 15 | 401 ± 12 | 398 ± 12 | 390 ± 11 |
| IPC | 418 ± 20 | 408 ± 16 | 418 ± 15 | 419 ± 15 | 402 ± 18 | 396 ± 16 |
| IPC + l-NAME | 413 ± 11 | 393 ± 12 | 404 ± 12 | 406 ± 13 | 412 ± 13 | 419 ± 13 |
| IPC+HG | 381 ± 13 | 390 ± 13 | 402 ± 12 | 410 ± 15 | 415 ± 13 | 399 ± 17 |
| IPC+HG+l-NAME | 399 ± 12 | 383 ± 12 | 384 ± 9 | 374 ± 10 | 377 ± 14 | 390 ± 13 |
| Transgenic GTP cyclohydrolase 1 mice | ||||||
| CON | 391 ± 12 | 402 ± 12 | 415 ± 14 | 432 ± 15 | 427 ± 19 | 428 ± 20 |
| l-NAME | 395 ± 10 | 409 ± 19 | 412 ± 17 | 42- ± 16 | 413 ± 15 | 412 ± 17 |
| IPC | 393 ± 11 | 394 ± 13 | 405 ± 12 | 414 ± 14 | 391 ± 14 | 385 ± 15 |
| IPC + l-NAME | 393 ± 15 | 403 ± 11 | 401 ± 12 | 409 ± 15 | 419 ± 20 | 417 ± 16 |
| IPC + HG | 379 ± 22 | 424 ± 12 | 439 ± 17 | 431 ± 13 | 397 ± 18 | 398 ± 16 |
| IPC + HG + l-NAME | 409 ± 11 | 387 ± 17 | 418 ± 9 | 421 ± 10 | 414 ± 10 | 421 ± 10 |
All animals were subjected to 30 min of coronary occlusion followed by 2 h of reperfusion [control (CON)]. IPC was induced by four cycles of 5 min of coronary occlusion/5 min of reperfusion in the presence or absence of HG or hyperosmolarity (HOsm), as described in Figure 1A and B. There were no statistically significant difference among groups (n = 6–9 mice/group).