Table 2.
Echocardiographic parameters in C57BL/6, transgenic GTP chclohydrolase 1 (GTPCH-Tg), and WT littermate mice
| C57BL/6 | Littermates | GTPCH-Tg | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heart rate (bpm) | 456 ± 22 | 442 ± 26 | 461 ± 15 |
| AWd (mm) | 0.78 ± 0.04 | 0.82 ± 0.05 | 0.98 ± 0.05* |
| AWs (mm) | 1.24 ± 0.10 | 1.25 ± 0.08 | 1.44 ± 0.07* |
| PWd (mm) | 0.81 ± 0.07 | 0.83 ± 0.07 | 1.01 ± 0.05* |
| PWs (mm) | 1.23 ± 0.12 | 1.21 ± 0.07 | 1.36 ± 0.03* |
| LVIDd (mm) | 3.78 ± 0.12 | 3.82 ± 0.18 | 3.93 ± 0.11 |
| LVIDs (mm) | 2.30 ± 0.15 | 2.49 ± 0.17 | 2.51 ± 0.09 |
| Fractional shortening (%) | 39 ± 3 | 35 ± 3 | 36 ± 2 |
| Peak E (cm/s) | 82 ± 4 | 83 ± 4 | 78 ± 5 |
| Peak A (cm/s) | 50 ± 4 | 48 ± 5 | 43 ± 3 |
| Mitral E/A ratio | 1.68 ± 0.09 | 1.80 ± 0.13 | 1.83 ± 0.13 |
| IVCT (ms) | 12.6 ± 0.77 | 13.2 ± 0.8 | 14.8 ± 0.6 |
| Ejection time (ms) | 42.8 ± 1.2 | 43.0 ± 1.3 | 44.4 ± 1.3 |
| IVRT (ms) | 16.0 ± 0.4 | 16.6 ± 0.9 | 16.4 ± 0.7 |
| MPI | 0.67 ± 0.02 | 0.69 ± 0.03 | 0.71 ± 0.03 |
| Mitral E acceleration (cm/ms) | 8001 ± 657 | 8361 ± 785 | 8058 ± 681 |
| Eat (ms) | 9.2 ± 0.6 | 9.0 ± 0.7 | 9.7 ± 0.6 |
| Mitral E deceleration (cm/ms) | 4476 ± 596 | 4439 ± 548 | 4187 ± 428 |
| Edt (ms) | 16.7 ± 1.4 | 16.2 ± 1.1 | 17.6 ± 0.7 |
AWd, anterior wall (interventricular septum) at end-diastole; AWs, anterior wall at end systole; PWd, posterior wall at diastole; PWs, posterior wall at systole; LVIDd, LV internal diameter at diastole; LVIDs, LV internal diameter at systole; fractional shortening, 100 × (LVIDd-LVIDs)/LVIDd; Peak E, peak velocity of mitral E valve; Peak A, peak velocity of mitra A wave; IVCT, isovolumic contraction time of LV; IVRT, isovolumic relaxation time of LV; MPI (myocardial performance index) = the ratio of the sum of isovolumic contraction and relaxation times to ejection time; Eat, mitral E wave acceleration time; Edt, E wave deceleration time.
*P < 0.05 vs. C57BL/6 and WT littermates (n = 10 mice/group).