Table 1.
Descriptive Characteristics of the Bogalusa Heart Study Sample (n = 991)
| Total (n = 991) | Normal risk (n = 585, 59%) | Elevated risk (n = 406, 41%) | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (n, %) | 417 (42) | 223 (38) | 194 (48) | 0.002 |
| White (n, %) | 717 (72) | 438 (75) | 279 (69) | 0.03 |
| Age (years) | 36.2 ± 4.4 | 36.1 ± 4.3 | 36.4 ± 4.6 | 0.32 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.0 ± 6.5 | 26.4 ± 5.0 | 32.7 ± 6.6 | <0.0001 |
| Normal weight, n (%) | 309 (31) | 263 (45) | 46 (11) | |
| Overweight, n (%) | 306 (31) | 204 (35) | 102 (25) | <0.0001b |
| Obese, n (%) | 376 (38) | 118 (20) | 258 (64) | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 92.5 ± 16.3 | 85.5 ± 12.7 | 102.6 ± 15.5 | <0.0001 |
| Low, n (%) | 402 (41) | 333 (57) | 69 (17) | |
| Moderate, n (%) | 192 (19) | 124 (21) | 68 (17) | <0.0001b |
| High, n (%) | 397 (40) | 128 (22) | 269 (66) | |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL)c | 102 (73–146) | 85 (64–113) | 147 (102–204) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 115.5 ± 12.3 | 111.7 ± 10.5 | 121.1 ± 12.5 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 78.2 ± 9.0 | 75.3 ± 7.9 | 82.4 ± 8.9 | <0.0001 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 47.3 ± 12.0 | 50.9 ± 11.8 | 42.2 ± 10.2 | <0.0001 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 83.3 ± 10.9 | 79.9 ± 7.8 | 88.2 ± 12.8 | <0.0001 |
| Insulin (μU/mL)c | 10 (7–15) | 8 (6.0–11.0) | 17 (11–22) | <0.0001 |
| HOMA-IRc | 2.0 (1.3–3.2) | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) | 3.6 (2.2–5.0) | <0.0001 |
| IMT (mm) | 0.80 ± 0.13 | 0.78 ± 0.12 | 0.83 ± 0.14 | <0.0001 |
a
P value represents the comparison of the unadjusted t-tests between normal and elevated risk.
b
P value represents the chi-squared comparison between normal and elevated risk.
c
Due to nonnormal distribution, nonparametric Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to compare values between normal and elevated risk.
BMI, body mass index; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; IMT, intima media thickness.