Table 1.
Characteristic profile of 41 cases of ECMT reported till date
| Author | Year | No. of cases | Age/gender | Site | Peculiar histopathological features | Immunohistochemical profile |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smith et al,[1] | 1995 | 19 | 9 women, 10 men, aged 9-78years | Anterior dorsum tongue | Cytological atypia in the form of nuclear pleomorphism, hyperchromatism and multinucleation. Pseudoinclusion or binucleated cells, pseudocystic spaces with papillary growth pattern, swirling pattern and stromal hyalinization | Strongly positive for GFAP; variably reactive to CD-57; nonreactive to strongly reactive to AE1/AE3; occasionally positive for S-100 and negative for EMA and desmin. |
| Kannan et al,[2] | 1996 | 3 | 21/M,33/M,51/M | Dorsal tongue, anterior dorsal tongue, anterior dorsal tongue | Few cells showed nuclear pleomorphism, hyperchromatism, multinucleation | Positive for GFAP, S-100, vimentin and CD-57; negative forAEl/AE3 and EMA. |
| van der Wal and van der Waal[3] | 1996 | 1 | 25/F | Anterior dorsum tongue | Myxoid lesion focally infiltrating the surrounding muscle tissue | Positive for GFAP, S-100 and vimentin; negative for cytokeratins, SMA, MSA, desmin, CD-57, EMA, and Ulex and factor VIII. |
| Carlos et al,[4] | 1999 | 1 | 16/M | Left dorsal posterior tongue | – | Positive for GFAP and S-100. |
| de Visscher et al,[5] | 2003 | 2 | 39/M, 42/F | Anterior dorsal tongue, anterior dorsal tongue | Inclusion of muscle fibers at the periphery of the lesion, atypical cells with nuclear inclusion. | Strongly positive for GFAP, vimentin and S-100; variably positive CD56; focally positive for desmin; negative for pan-keratin cocktail, keratin 8 and 18, SMA and CEA. |
| Ide et al,[6] | 2003 | 1 | 52/F | Anterior tongue (tip) | Multiple mucin-pooled pseudocysts were filled with round hyalinized globules | Intense positivity for vimentin and GFAP; focally positive for S-lOOand CD-57; Negative for AE1/AE3 and SMA. |
| Kaplan et al,[7] | 2004 | 2 | 26/M, 57/F | Midline anterior dorsal tongue, left anterior dorsal tongue | Intranuclear psuedoinclusions, | Positive for GFAP and S-100; Negative for SMA, desmin, CD-57, EMA and AE1/3 |
| Woo et al,[8] | 2005 | 1 | 22/F | Midline dorsal tongue | Scant minor salivary gland elements | Negative for GFAP, SMA, desmin, and EMA; strong positivity for S-100 and vimentin; focal positivity for AE1/3, faint positivity for CD-57 and p63. |
| Goveas et al,[9] | 2006 | 1 | 57/F | Right anterior tongue | Bland spindle and round cells in a myxoid stroma | Strongly positive for GFAP, AEl/3andEMA; focally positive for S-100, vimentin and CK 4; negative for SMA, desmin, CK7, CK20, Calponin, p63, SMMHC and MAC387 |
| Nigam et al,[10] | 2006 | 1 | 30/M | Hard palate | Round to polygonal cells in a chondroid background and stellate cells in a myxoid background, and presence of binucleate cells | Immunoprofile not done |
| Seckin et al,[11] | 2008 | 1 | 56/F | Anterior Dorsal Tongue | Cells within lacunae where seen in areas of cartilaginous differentiation | Few cells stained for GFAP; negative for Anticytokeratin antibody |
| Pires et al,[12] | 2009 | 3 | 9/M,16/M, 33/M | Dorsum of the tongue | Pleomorphism and several mitotic figures were seen focally | Strongly positive for GFAP, S-100 and vimentin; focally positive for SMA and desmin. |
| Portnof et al,[13] | 2009 | 1 | 41/M | Anterior tongue | Striated muscle containing infiltrative tumor, Small collections of larger cells containing foamy cytoplasm. | Strongly positivity for GFAP; focal positivity for SI00 protein and SMA; vimentin, p63, CD99, and Bcl-2 positivity; negative for AE1/AE3, CAM5.2, EMA, calponin, CD34, A103, CD57, and CD117. |
| Angiero F[14] | 2010 | 1 | 27/F | Dorsum of the tongue | Neoplastic cells set in a myxoid, chondroid or hyalinized background | Positive for GFAP, S-100 and vimentin; negative for CD- 57, SMA, EMA, Desmin and Cytokeratin |
| Seo SH et al,[15] | 2010 | 2 | 8/M, 65/M | Posterior dorsum, anterior dorsum of the tongue | Rare mitosis, cup shaped cells and multinucleation, entrapment of cells in the muscle | Negative for GFAP, S-100, SMA, desmin, AE1/3, CD34, p63 and factor VII. Diffusely Positive for vimentin in both the cases, CD56 (1/2 cases) and EMA (1/2 cases) |
| Present case | 2010 | 1 | 7/M | Anterior dorsum of the tongue | Cells infiltrating the skeletal muscle, vesiulated and multinucleation | Strongly positive for vimentin; focally positive for SMA and negative for GFAP, S-100 and desmin |