Table 1. Summary of the Properties of the Widely Used or Recently Developed Caged Glu Probesa.
| caged Glu | ε (λmax) | ϕ (%Glu yield) | εϕ | 2P evoked voltage |rise time (ms) | pharmacology toward GABA-A | stability in aqueous buffer | solubility (mM) at pH 7.4 in aqueous buffer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNB137 | 500 (350) | 0.14 (100) | 60 | no 2P current | partial agonist | half-life 17 h RT | >50 |
| MNI86,87 | 4300 (330) | 0.085 (>95) | 357 | 3.5 | strong antagonist at 10 mM | stable | 1400 |
| RuBi135 | 5600 (450) | 0.13 (NQ) | 728 | 14 | 50% inhibition at 0.3 mM | stable | NR |
| PMNB138 | 9900 (317) | 0.1 (100) | 990 | NR | NR | stable | requires 1% DMSO |
| antMNI134 | 27000 (300) | 0.085 (94) | 2295 | NR | NR | stable | 33 |
| BNSF133 | 64000 (415) | 0.25 (65) | 16000 | NR | NR | NR | 0.1 |
| CDNI130 | 6400 (330) | 0.6 (100) | 3840 | NR | mild antagonist at 0.4 mM | stable pH 2 | 100 |
Abbreviations and symbols: 2P, two-photon; NQ, not quantified but probably high; NR, not reported; ε, extinction coefficient (M−1 cm−1); λmax, wavelength maximum of absorption (nm); ϕ, quantum yield of photolysis.