Table 3.

Association between paternal alcohol consumption and maternal drinking in pregnancy (N = 166)

	Risky drinkers around conception vs. light drinkers/abstainers		Continued drinking during last 2 weeks vs. light drinkers/abstainers
Risk factors	aORa	[95% CI]	aORa	[95% CI]
Risky paternal drinking,
yes vs. nob	27.0	[5.0, 147.7]	34.1	[5.9, 195.8]
Maternal age
≤18 years vs. 18.1–30 years	3.4	[0.58, 19.7]	2.2	[0.25, 19.6]
>30 years vs. 18.1–30 years	7.8	[2.06,29.4]	3.3	[0.83, 13.3]
Marital status
Single vs. married/partner	0.51	[0.03,8.9]	0.34	[0.02,6.8]
Separated vs. married/partner	0.46	[0.01,22.3]	1.7	[0.05,59.8]
Family socioeconomic status
Below average vs. average/above	2.0	[0.67, 6.3]	1.9	[0.61,6.2]
Maternal smoking
During pregnancy vs. never/past	25.2	[4.7, 135.2]	28.5	[5.1, 160.5]
Pregnancy planning
Unplanned vs. planned	1.4	[0.50,4.1]	2.5	[0.82,7.5]
Parity
Multiparous vs. nulliparous	0.44	[0.13, 1.49]	1.97	[0.57,6.7]

Notes: aOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.

^aResults of polychotomous logistic regression; odds ratios are adjusted for all variables in the model.

^bFrequent (≥3 times/week) or heavy episodic (≥5 drinks/occasion) drinker as reported by the mother.