Figure 1.

The Complex Dynamics of Three Types of Business Teams

Note. The dynamical structures, as represented by trajectories in phase space, generated by Losada’s (1999) model to describe high-performance (dark gray), medium-performance (light gray), and low-performance (white) teams. The vertical axis represents emotional space. The formula connecting P/N to emotional space is P/N = (E − i)b⁻¹, where E is emotional space, i is the initial value of positivity/negativity (equal to 16), and b⁻¹ is the Lorenz inverse constant (equal to 0.375). P/N = 1 when E = 18.66 (Losada & Heaphy, 2004). Values above and below 18.66 indicate predominance of positivity and negativity, respectively. The horizontal axis represents degrees of inquiry versus advocacy: The left represents asking questions, and the right represents advocating one’s own viewpoint.