Table 1.

Summary of effects of stem mutations at different domains on production of VLPs, prM-E heterodimerization, and membrane binding^a

^aThe stem region of E protein contains two α-helical domains (EH1 and EH2) and a stretch of CS in between (60). ▾↓, severe reduction; ▾, mild reduction; →, no effect; NT, not tested for membrane binding, because EH1 alone did not bind to the membrane (Fig. 4 and data not shown).