Overexpression of Na induces lytic infection. (A to C) Hone-Akata (A), CNE2-Akata (B), or AGS-Akata (C) cells were transfected with various expression plasmids encoding control vector, FLAG-Na, or R as indicated, and cell lysates were harvested 2 days later. Immunoblot analysis was performed using antibodies against the lytic proteins BMRF1, Z, and R. FLAG antibody was used to detect the transfected Na protein. β-Actin was included as an internal loading control. Na expression had similar effects when expressed in either an SG5-based vector (SG5-FLAG-Na) or an OriP-based vector (OriP-FLAG-Na). (D) CNE2-Akata cells were transfected with control or Na expression plasmids, and the titers of infectious viral particles released into the supernatant were determined 3 days posttransfection using the green Raji cell assay to determine the number of green Raji units (GRU). (E) The CNE2-Akata cells used in the experiment shown in panel D were harvested 3 days posttransfection, and the levels of BMRF1, R, FLAG (Na), and β-actin protein expression were examined by immunoblotting.