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. 2001 Feb 15;15(4):444–454. doi: 10.1101/gad.846001

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Pdx-1 induces bud formation. Endoderm cells electroporated with a LacZ-expressing construct always reside in the endodermally derived epithelial layer of the gut as shown in a transverse section at the level of the esophagus in (A). LacZ-positive cells are never observed in the mesodermally derived mesenchyme. (B) Electroporated cells are spread out from the level of the stomach down to at least the yolk stalk in the small intestine. When cells are electroporated with the LacZ-expressing construct together with a Pdx-1-expressing vector, cells bud out of the epithelial layer 72 h after electroporation as shown in E and D. Endoderm cells electroporated with a mutated form of Pdx-1 that cannot bind DNA (Pdx-1*) remain in the epithelium and keep a columnar shape, as shown in C after in situ hybridization for Pdx-1. When cells are electroporated with the LacZ-expressing construct together with a plasmid expressing CdxA (F) or a Hlxb-9 (G), they stay in the epithelial layer 72 h after electroporation. Bars, 50 μm.