Table 2.
Resistance profiles of ST398 and outgroup S. aureus isolatesa
| Genotypic resistance patternb | Phenotypic resistance patternc | Strain group(s) | Source(s)d |
|---|---|---|---|
| R0 (2) | Susceptible | ST8, ST433 | NCTC, CP |
| R1 | Amp-Pen | ST5 | ATCC |
| R2e | Tet | ST398 | M |
| R3e | Amp-Pen Tet | ST398 | CP |
| R4 | Amp-Pen Tet Ery-Cli | ST398 | CP |
| R5 | Amp-Pen Tet Ery-Cli-Syn | ST398 | CP |
| R6e | Amp-Pen Tet Ery-Cli Tmp | ST398 | CP |
| R7 | Amp-Pen Gen Tet Ery-Cli | ST9 | CP |
| R8 (13) | Met-Oxa Tet | ST398 | AP (6), CP (2), FPf, M (4) |
| R9 | Met-Oxa Kan Tet | ST398 | D |
| R10 | Met-Oxa Gen-Kan Tet | ST398 | D |
| R11 (11) | Met-Oxa Tet Ery-Cli | ST398 | AP (4), CP (2), MC, MP (3), FPf |
| R12 | Met-Oxa Kan Tet | ST398 | CP |
| R13 | Met-Oxa Tet Chl | ST398 | AP |
| R14 | Met-Oxa Tet Cip | ST398 | AP |
| R15 (5) | Met-Oxa Tet Tmp | ST398 | AP (2), D (2), MP |
| R16 | Met-Oxa Syn Cip | ST217 | CH |
| R17 | Met-Oxa Gen Tet Ery-Cli | ST398 | FPf |
| R18 (2) | Met-Oxa Kan Tet Ery-Cli | ST398 | D, MB |
| R19 | Met-Oxa Kan Tet Tmp | ST398 | FPf |
| R20 (2) | Met-Oxa Gen-Kan Tet Tmp | ST398 | AP (2) |
| R21 (21) | Met-Oxa Tet Ery-Cli Tmp | ST398 | AP (9), CP (7), D (2), MP (3) |
| R22 | Met-Oxa Tet Cip Tmp | ST398 | FPf |
| R23 | Met-Oxa Tet Sxt Tmp | ST398 | CP |
| R24 | Met-Oxa Gen Tet Ery-Cli Tmp | ST398 | AP |
| R25 (6) | Met-Oxa Kan Tet Ery-Cli Tmp | ST398 | AP (4), D, CP |
| R26 | Met-Oxa Kan Tet Cip Tmp | ST398 | AP |
| R27 | Met-Oxa Kan Tet Ery-Cli Chl | ST398 | CP |
| R28 (10) | Met-Oxa Gen-Kan Tet Ery-Cli Tmp | ST398 | AP (5), D, CP (2), MT (2) |
| R29 (6) | Met-Oxa Tet Ery-Cli Syn Tmp | ST398 | AP, D, CP, MP, MT (2) |
| R30 | Met-Oxa Tet Ery-Cli Sxt-Tmp | ST398 | AP |
| R31 (2) | Met-Oxa Tet Ery-Cli Cip Tmp | ST398 | AP, CP |
| R32 | Met-Oxa Tet Ery-Cli Chl Cip | ST398 | AP |
| R33 | Met-Oxa Tet Ery-Cli Chl Tmp | ST398 | CP |
| R34 | Met-Oxa Tet Ery-Cli-Syn Sxt-Tmp | ST398 | AP |
| R35 (2) | Met-Oxa Tet Chl Cip Tmp | ST398 | CP (2) |
| R36 | Met-Oxa Kan Tet Ery-Cli Cip | ST5 | MT |
| R37 | Met-Oxa Kan Ery-Cli Cip Mup | ST225 | CH |
| R38 (2) | Met-Oxa Kan Tet Ery-Cli Cip Tmp | ST9, ST398 | CP, MB |
| R39 | Met-Oxa Kan Tet Ery-Cli Chl Tmp | ST398 | CP |
| R40 | Met-Oxa Kan Tet Ery-Cli-Syn Chl Tmp | ST398 | AP |
| R41 | Met-Oxa Kan Tet Ery-Cli Chl Sxt-Tmp | ST398 | CP |
The number of isolates is shown in parentheses when n > 1. In total, 113 isolates were analyzed.
The subtyping of the resistance pattern according to the presence of a genetic background is shown in Fig. 2.
Met, methicillin; Oxa, oxacillin; Tet, tetracycline; Gen, gentamicin; Kan, kanamycin; Ery, erythromycin; Cli, clindamycin; Mup, mupirocin; Syn, quinupristin-dalfopristin; Chl, chloramphenicol; Cip, ciprofloxacin; Tmp, trimethoprim; Sxt, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Intermediate susceptibility was considered resistance in this table (see Table S2 in the supplemental material for details). Isolates susceptible to methicillin and oxacillin were also tested for resistance to ampicillin and penicillin (Amp-Pen).
ATCC, American Type Culture Collection; CH, human clinical sample; AP, asymptomatic carrier pig; CP, pig clinical sample; D, dust (from pig farms); FP, Dutch pig fecal sample; M, milk; MC, meat from cattle; MB, meat from broiler; MP, meat from pig; MT, meat from turkey; NCTC, National Collection of Type Cultures.
mecA-positive isolates (MRSA).
ST398 isolates kindly provided by D. Mevius (Central Veterinary Institute of Waningen, Lelystad, Netherlands), used as control strains.