Table 1.

Basic indices of genetic diversity within populations

							Population diversity indices
	Code	Latitude	Longitude	Sample size			Y-STRs				mtDNA
		(°N)	(°E)	Male	Female	Total	No.of haplotypes	h a	S.D.	MSDb	No.of haplotypes	h	S.D.	π (102)c	S.D.
Linguistic affiliation
(Family, Subfamily)
Austroasiatic, Mon-Khmer
Mon	MO	98°53 '	18°31'	15	26	41	13	0.98	0.03	1.56	16	0.92	0.02	2.18	1.16
Lawa1	LW1	97°56 '	18°23 '	25	21	46	15	0.95	0.02	1.28	25	0.96	0.01	1.90	1.02
Lawa2	LW2	98°20'	18°08 '	25	25	50	18	0.95	0.03	1.68	15	0.91	0.02	1.93	1.03
Paluang	PA	99°09'	19°56'	23	28	51	11	0.90	0.04	2.28	20	0.92	0.02	1.65	0.90
Blang1	BL1	99°52'	20°25'	18	20	38	17	0.99	0.02	1.76	25	0.98	0.01	2.26	1.20
Blang2	BL2	99°50'	20°08'	22	23	45	20	0.99	0.02	2.04	28	0.97	0.01	2.33	1.23
H'tin1 (Mal)	TN1	100°55'	19°08'	20	17	37	10	0.93	0.03	1.07	12	0.74	0.06	1.60	0.88
H'tin2 (Pray)	TN2	100°54'	19°19'	20	18	38	16	0.98	0.02	2.20	9	0.69	0.07	1.90	1.02
								0.96		1.73		0.89		1.97
Linguistic affiliation
(Family, Subfamily)
Tai Kadai, Tai
Yuan1	YU1	98°59'	19°00'	20	19	39	18	0.99	0.02	2.10	26	0.97	0.01	2.15	1.14
Yuan2	YU2	98°59'	19°11'	25	25	50	21	0.98	0.02	2.68	30	0.97	0.01	2.26	1.19
Yuan3	YU3	98°45'	18°24'	26	24	50	20	0.97	0.02	1.93	28	0.97	0.01	2.22	1.17
Yuan4	YU4	100°53'	14°33'	21	23	44	20	1.00	0.02	2.34	21	0.95	0.01	2.17	1.15
Lue1	LU1	100°56'	19°09'	25	26	51	22	0.99	0.01	2.22	23	0.92	0.03	1.95	1.04
Lue2	LU2	100°47'	19°05'	21	23	44	17	0.98	0.02	2.32	14	0.88	0.03	2.10	1.12
Lue3	LU3	99°53'	20°26'	26	24	50	25	1.00	0.01	1.84	39	0.99	0.01	2.21	1.17
Lue4	LU4	99°07'	18°52'	24	22	46	20	0.98	0.02	2.56	19	0.93	0.02	1.91	1.02
Khuen	KH	98°51'	18°38'	29	31	60	25	0.99	0.01	2.70	31	0.97	0.01	2.51	1.31
Yong	YO	98°56'	18°24'	31	31	62	26	0.99	0.01	2.02	31	0.97	0.01	2.22	1.16
								0.99		2.27		0.95		2.17

^a h, haplotype diversity; ^b MSD, mean squared allele size differences averaged over loci; ^c π, nucleotide diversity; SD, standard deviation