Figure 4. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) including all individuals.
PC1 separates bonobos from chimpanzees, PC2 western chimpanzees from other chimpanzees, PC3 and PC4 are gradients of genetic variation. Colors: green for bonobos; orange, blue, red and black for western, central, eastern and Nigerian-Cameroonian chimpanzees, respectively. The significance of PC3 does not depend on the inclusion of the three chimpanzees confiscated in Democratic Republic of Congo (results not shown).