Table 2. Average number ± S.E. (total number) of non-target organisms collected with the area sampler or emergence traps.

Taxon	Organism	Pre-application		First-application		Second-application
		Control	Treatment	Control	Treatment	Control	Treatment
Ephemeroptera	Mayfly nymphs	1.08±0.18 (523)	1.33±0.18 (501)	0.98±0.16 (159)	1.28±0.17 (207)	1.30±0.21 (216)	1.15±0.17 (187)
	Mayfly (pre-) adults	0.94±0.19 (174)	2.25±0.33 (418)***	0.10±0.04 (11)	0.77±0.16 (83) ***	0.27±0.04 (30)	0.27±0.11 (34)
Odonata
Zygoptera	Damselfly nymphs	0.06±0.01 (28)	0.04±0.02 (20)	0.42±0.13 (68)	0.35±0.06 (56)	0.73±0.15 (115)	0.60±0.09 (97)
	Damselfly adults	0.20±0.06 (76)	0.17±0.49 (68)	0.03±0.16 (3)	0.02±0.13 (2)a	0.24±0.06 (39)	0.34±0.14 (56)
Anisoptera	Dragonfly nymphs	0.15±0.03 (55)	0.16±0.02 (60)	0.18±0.04 (29)	0.22±0.037 (35)	0.44±0.06 (68)	0.57±0.08 (93)
Heteroptera
Veliidae	Broad shouldered water strider	0.19±0.04 (73)	0.13±0.02 (49)	0.62±0.12 (100)	0.46±0.22 (75)	0.04±0.02 (7)	0.01±0.01 (1)a
Nepidae	Water scorpion	0.01±0.02 (5)	0.04±0.02 (8)	0.07±0.02 (12)	0.06±0.02 (10)	0.06±0.20 (9)	0.06±0.35 (10)
Corixidae	Water boatmen	1.32±0.21 (500)	0.59±0.93 (223)*	1.31±0.12 (213)	1.20±0.11 (195)	0.02±0.01 (3)	0.01±0.01 (2)a
Notonectidae	Back swimmers	0.59±0.76 (222)	0.79±0.11 (300)	0.83±0.11 (135)	0.79±0.13 (128)	0.77±0.15 (124)	0.30±0.05 (49)**
Coleoptera	Water beetles	13.89±1.32 (5187)	13.99±1.89 (5279)	3.43±0.46 (556)	3.76± 0.23 (610)	0.01± 0.01 (2)	0.03±0.01(5)a
Diptera
Brachycera	House flies, biting flies	0.16±0.03 (30)	0.15±0.03 (27)	0.01±0.01 (1)	0.06±0.01 (6)a	0.03±0.01 (3)	0 (0)a
Hymenoptera
Apocrita	Wasp	0.02±0.01 (4)	0.01±0.009 (1)a	0.93±0.12 (151)	0.85±0.11 (138)	0.01±0.01 (2)	0.04±0.01 (7)a
Arachnida
Hydrachnellae	Water mite	0.25±0.03 (93)	0.13±0.02 (51)*	0.07±0.02 (12)	0.11±0.70 (18)	0.01±0.01 (2)	0.02±0.01 (4)a
Molluscs	Snails	0.21±0.04 (57)	0.29±0.04 (87)	0.03±0.01 (3)	0.04±0.01 (4)a	0.12±0.69 (21)	0.14±0.01 (23)
Annelids
Hirudinea	Leech	0.01±0.01 (1)	0.01±0.01 (1)a	0.10±0.12 (17)	0.12±0.11 (20)	0.01±0.01 (2)	0.01±0.01 (2)a
Fish	Tilapia, mudfish	0.01±0.01 (5)	0 (0) a	0.14±0.10 (22)	0.06±0.02 (10)	0.25±0.06 (41)	0.19±0.07 (30)
Amphibian	Tadpoles	0.69±0.26 (261)	0.45±0.06 (171)	0.75±0.16 (121)	1.41±0.20 (229) **	0.54±0.09 (88)	0.67±0.11 (109)
	Frogs	0.03±0.02 (7)	0.01±0.05 (3)	0.06±0.03 (11)	0.03±0.01 (6)	0.02±0.01 (2)	0 (0)a

a.sample size too small for analysis.

Average number ± S.E. (total number) of non-target organisms collected with the area sampler or emergence traps before and after the first and second Aquatain application. The numbers of each non-target organism in the control and treatment paddies, before and after the first and second Aquatain application, was compared by generalized estimating equations (n.s., no significant difference; *, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001).