Table 1.
Selected sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics at baseline, stratified by homelessness in ACCESS (n = 545 participants)
| Characteristic | Homelessness | ORa | 95% CIb | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | ||||
| 143 (26.2) | 402 (73.8) | ||||
| Age | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 35.8 (29.1–42.3) | 37.9 (31.8–43.9) | 0.97 | 0.95–0.99 | 0.01 |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 95 (66.4) | 246 (61.2) | 1.00 | ||
| Female | 48 (33.6) | 156 (38.8) | 0.80 | 0.53–1.19 | 0.266 |
| Aboriginal ancestry | |||||
| No | 96 (67.1) | 264 (65.7) | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 47 (32.9) | 138 (34.4) | 0.94 | 0.62–1.40 | 0.751 |
| Educational attainment | |||||
| ≥ High school diploma | 124 (86.7) | 345 (85.8) | 1.00 | ||
| <High school diploma | 19 (13.3) | 57 (14.2) | 0.93 | 0.53–1.62 | 0.791 |
| Formal employment | |||||
| No | 115 (80.4) | 350 (87.1) | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 28 (19.6) | 52 (12.9) | 1.64 | 0.99–2.72 | 0.054 |
| Frequent alcohol use | |||||
| <Daily | 129 (90.2) | 348 (86.6) | 1.00 | ||
| ≥Daily | 14 (9.8) | 54 (13.4) | 0.70 | 0.38–1.30 | 0.258 |
| Frequent crack cocaine use | |||||
| <Daily | 100 (69.9) | 313 (77.9) | 1.00 | ||
| ≥Daily | 43 (30.1) | 89 (22.1) | 1.51 | 0.99–2.32 | 0.06 |
| Frequent cocaine injection | |||||
| <Daily | 92 (64.3) | 261 (4.9) | 1.00 | ||
| ≥Daily | 51 (35.7) | 141 (35.1) | 1.03 | 0.69–1.53 | 0.899 |
| Frequent heroin injection | |||||
| <Daily | 90 (62.9) | 303 (75.4) | 1.00 | ||
| ≥Daily | 53 (37.1) | 99 (24.6) | 1.80 | 1.20–2.71 | 0.004 |
| Frequent speedball injection | |||||
| <Daily | 123 (86.0) | 344 (85.6) | 1.00 | ||
| ≥Daily | 20 (14) | 58 (14.4) | 0.96 | 0.56–1.67 | 0.897 |
| Frequent crystal meth injection | |||||
| <Daily | 140 (97.9) | 395 (98.3) | 1.00 | ||
| ≥Daily | 3 (2.1) | 7 (1.7) | 1.21 | 0.31–4.74 | 0.727 |
| Current methadone maintenance therapy | |||||
| No | 100 (69.9) | 276 (68.7) | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 43 (30.1) | 126 (31.3) | 0.94 | 0.62–1.42 | 0.777 |
| CD4+ cell count | |||||
| Median (IQR) 100 cells/mm3 | 3.5 (2.1–5.3) | 3.4 (2.1–4.7) | 1.04 | 0.96–1.12 | 0.532 |
| HIV-1 RNA viral load | |||||
| Median (IQR) per log10 | 4.3 (2.9–4.9) | 4.2 (2.6–4.8) | 1.06 | 0.92–1.23 | 0.472 |
aOdds ratio
b95% Confidence interval