Table 2.
Incidence of acute diarrhoea by sociodemographic characteristics and locality
| Variable | Incidence | Crude OR | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | 95 % CI | No. with sample | Estimated no. and population | p value | OR | 95% CI | |||
| Lower | Upper | ||||||||
| Overall | 5.0 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 2,799 | 1,036,518 | ||||
| Age-group (years) | <0.001 | ||||||||
| 0-4 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 5.1 | 268 | 97,375 | 1.33 | 1.09-1.62 | ||
| 5-9* | 3.4 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 222 | 82,662 | - | - | ||
| 10-19 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.8 | 685 | 253,840 | 1.92 | 1.62-2.28 | ||
| 20-29 | 6.7 | 6.1 | 7.3 | 503 | 188,260 | 2.04 | 1.70-2.45 | ||
| 30-39 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 5.8 | 369 | 138,440 | 1.56 | 1.30-1.87 | ||
| 40-49 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 4.9 | 328 | 120,921 | 1.31 | 1.08-1.59 | ||
| 50-59 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 4.5 | 219 | 80,945 | 1.16 | 0.93-1.43 | ||
| 60 and above | 4.1 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 203 | 73,328 | 1.22 | 0.99-1.52 | ||
| Gender | 0.776 | - | - | ||||||
| Male | 5.0 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 1,325 | 490,070 | 1.01 | 0.94-1.09 | ||
| Female* | 5.0 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 1,474 | 546,447 | ||||
| Ethnic group | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Malay | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 1,729 | 641,911 | 1.55 | 1.36-1.76 | ||
| Chinese* | 3.6 | 3.2 | 4.0 | 363 | 144,515 | - | - | ||
| Indian | 5.1 | 4.3 | 5.9 | 221 | 87,564 | 1.43 | 1.18-1.75 | ||
| Other Bumiputras | 5.8 | 5.2 | 6.6 | 406 | 135,062 | 1.67 | 1.40-1.98 | ||
| Others | 3.2 | 2.5 | 4.0 | 80 | 27,463 | 0.89 | 0.68-1.16 | ||
| Educational Level | <0.001 | ||||||||
| None* | 4.1 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 445 | 164,109 | - | - | ||
| Primary | 4.8 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 726 | 264,606 | 1.19 | 1.04-1.35 | ||
| Secondary | 5.8 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 1,055 | 394,348 | 1.44 | 1.28-1.62 | ||
| Tertiary | 6.4 | 5.5 | 7.3 | 214 | 83,851 | 1.58 | 1.33-1.89 | ||
| Household income-group (RM)** 0.758 | |||||||||
| <400 | 5.5 | 4.8 | 6.3 | 249 | 87,966 | 1.07 | 0.87-1.33 | ||
| 400-699 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 443 | 1,554,966 | 1.03 | 0.86-1.25 | ||
| 700-999 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 5.3 | 302 | 108,802 | 0.91 | 0.74-1.10 | ||
| 1,000-1,999 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 5.4 | 756 | 278,591 | 0.97 | 0.82-1.15 | ||
| 2,000-2,999 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 426 | 161,353 | 0.97 | 0.80-1.17 | ||
| 3,000-3,999 | 4.9 | 4.2 | 5.6 | 206 | 80,804 | 0.95 | 0.77-1.17 | ||
| 4,000-4,999 | 4.9 | 3.9 | 6.1 | 97 | 38,596 | 0.95 | 0.72-1.26 | ||
| 5,000 and above* | 5.1 | 4.4 | 5.9 | 232 | 92,186 | - | - | ||
| Locality | 0.020 | ||||||||
| Urban* | 4.7 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 1,518 | 621,701 | - | - | ||
| Rural | 5.5 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 1,281 | 414,815 | 1.16 | 1.06-1.28 | ||
*Reference group;
**US$ 1=Approximately RM 3.04