Table 2.

Perioperative complications

Complication	GWDF n = 60 (%)	SSDT n = 60 (%)	p value
No complications at all	29 (48.3)	32 (53.3)	0.58
Minor	35 (58.3)	37 (61.7)	0.43
Minor blood loss	11 (18.3)	7 (11.7)	0.22
Difficult puncture or punctured endotracheal tube	8 (13.3)	6 (10.0)	0.39
Puncture posterior tracheal wall (without emphysema)	1 (1.7)	2 (3.3)	0.50
Difficult dilation	3 (5.0)	3 (5.0)	0.66
Difficult cannula insertion (>2 attempts)	2 (3.3)	0 (0)	0.25
Hypoxemia shorter than 5 min (sat. <90%)	2 (3.3)	1 (1.7)	0.50
Hypotension shorter than 5 min (systole <90 mmHg)	1 (1.7)	8 (13.3)	0.02
Tracheal ring fracture	1 (1.7)	3 (5.0)	0.31
Other complications	6 (10.0)	7 (11.7)	0.50
Intermediate	1 (1.7)	3 (5.0)	0.31
Hypotension or hypoxemia longer than 5 min	1 (1.7)	3 (5.0)	0.31
Major	6 (10.0)	1 (1.7)	0.06
Pretracheal insertion	1 (1.7)	0 (0)	0.50
Blood loss requiring blood transfusion	3 (5.0)	1 (1.7)	0.31
Conversion to alternate technique	2 (3.3)	0 (0)	0.25
Total one complication	31 (51.7)	28 (46.7)	0.36
Total two complications	11 (18.3)	11 (18.3)	0.59
Total three complications	0 (0)	2 (3.3)	0.25
Overall complication number	42 (70)	41 (68.3)	0.50