Table 1.

Classification of knockout mutant phenotypes

Phenotypic class	Zn+2 tolerance	Autophagy mutants	Autophagy-associated mutants
I	±	atg1, atg2, atg3, atg4, atg5, atg9, atg10, atg13, atg14, atg17, atg18, atg19, atg22, atg26, atg27, atg28, atg29, atg31, atg32, atg33, atg34	ape1, bsd2, dsk2, gtr1, gtr2, lap3, nvj1, pep4, pex3, pex14, ras1 ,ras2, rim15, sch9, tor1, tul1, uth1, vid24, vps38, vps45 (aif1, ald6, coq3, gsy1, nuc1, svf1, yca1)*
II	+	atg6, atg7, atg12 vac8	(coq3)
III	++	atg8, atg15, atg16, atg24	−
IV	−	atg11, atg20, atg21, atg23	bre5, ccz1, mon1, slm4, snf1, tlg2, vps15, vps18, vtc4, ubp3 (pex6, zrc1)

Autophagy mutants as well as a set of strains with mutations in proteolytic, regulatory, or vacuolar processes believed to be affiliated with autophagy were grown, diluted, and stamped as described in Figure 1A onto SD agar containing 0.002% uracil with or without 13 mM ZnSO₄. Tolerance (±, sensitive; +, tolerant; ++, very tolerant; −, very sensitive) was scored as illustrated in Figure 6. Each strain was tested a minimum of 3 times before being assigned to the indicated phenotypic class. For comparative purposes, strains with mutations in pathways believe to be unrelated to autophagy or allied processes are shown in parentheses.