Table II.
Frequency of Cytokine Responses Among HIV and/or HCV Infected Women and Healthy Controls
| Antigen | Group | Number of cases | Cytokine responders (%)
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-2 | IL-4 | IL-5 | IL-10 | IFN-γ | TNF-α | |||
| NS3 (HCV) | HCV/HIV | 33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 (12.1) | 3 (9.1) | 11 (33.3) |
| HCV | 10 | 2 (20.0) | 0 | 0 | 1 (10.0) | 2 (20.0) | 1 (10.0) | |
| p24 (HIV) | HCV/HIV | 33 | 1 (3.0) | 1 (3.0) | 1 (3.0) | 1 (3.0) | 4 (12.1) | 2 (6.1) |
| HIV | 27 | 1 (3.7) | 0 | 2 (7.4) | 1 (3.7) | 8 (29.6) | 3 (11.1) | |
| CMVa | HCV/HIV | 32 | 6 (18.8) | 1 (3.1) | 7 (21.9) | 9 (28.1) | 17 (53.1) | 13 (40.6) |
| HIV | 25 | 4 (16.0) | 0 | 9 (36.0) | 17 (68.0)b | 20 (80.0)b | 22 (88.0)b | |
| HCV | 9 | 9 (100)b | 0 | 5 (55.6) | 6 (66.7) | 9 (100)b | 8 (88.9)b | |
| Control | 22 | 10 (45.5)b | 1 (4.6) | 10 (45.5) | 18 (81.8)b | 19 (86.4)b | 18 (81.8)b | |
Note. For each cytokine, responders were classified as such if the result was ≥ mean ± 3SD of the spontaneous cytokine release by unstimulated PBMC from healthy controls.
a
Data from subjects seropositive for CMV.
b
Significantly higher frequency (p < 0.05) for each group compared to HCV+/HIV+.