Table 1.
Characteristics of the sample
| Characteristic | Active | Sham | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 46 | 59 | |
| Age (years: mean ± SD (range)) | 52.1 ± 10.5 (27–79) | 52.5 ± 11.7 (26–80) | 0.854 |
| Male gender (n (%)) | 38 (82.6) | 52 (88.1) | 0.575 |
| Race/ethnicity (n (%)) | 0.577 | ||
| White, not Hispanic | 37 (80.4) | 44 (74.6) | |
| African–American | 9 (19.6) | 14 (23.7) | |
| Hispanic | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.7) | |
| High-school education or less (n (%)) | 13 (28.3) | 22 (37.3) | 0.406 |
| Living with spouse or significant other (n (%)) | 22 (47.8) | 38 (64.4) | 0.113 |
| Time since onset of SCI (years: mean, SD, (range)) | 14.6 ± 9.5 (1–33) | 15.8 ± 12.1 (1–46) | 0.579 |
| Time from onset of SCI to onset of neuropathic pain (n (%)) | 0.591 | ||
| < 1 month | 18 (39.1) | 22 (37.3) | |
| 1–12 months | 14 (30.4) | 24 (40.7) | |
| 1–5 years | 8 (17.4) | 9 (15.3) | |
| 6 years or more | 6 (13.0) | 4 (6.8) | |
| Level and completeness of SCI (n (%)) | 0.678 | ||
| Tetraplegia complete | 5 (10.9) | 5 (8.5) | |
| Tetraplegia incomplete | 14 (30.4) | 12 (20.3) | |
| Tetraplegia, completeness unknown | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.7) | |
| Paraplegia complete | 14 (30.4) | 18 (30.5) | |
| Paraplegia incomplete | 10 (21.7) | 16 (27.1) | |
| Paraplegia, completeness unknown | 3 (6.5) | 5 (8.5) | |
| Level and completeness unknown | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.4) |
SD, standard deviation; SCI, spinal cord injury.