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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Behav. 2010 Dec 10;36(4):279–285. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.12.012

Table 3.

Summary of medical conditions of older heroin users

Anderson & Levy, 2003 (N=40) Hser et al., 2004 (N=108) Firoz and Carlson, 2004 (N=54) Lofwall et al., 2005 (N=41) Rajaratnam et al., 2009 (N=46) Rosen et al., 2008 (N=140)
Self-report Medical chart review Medical chart review Self-report Self-report Self-report
Hepatitis C 94.2% 24.4% 49.3%
Hypertension/Elevated blood pressure 58.3% 11.0% 51.2% 44.9%
Arthritis 29.3% 54.3%
Heart condition 53.7% 17.9%
Chronic lung disease 22.1%
Gastrointestinal problems 26.8% 21.4%
Cirrhosis 11.0% 7.0% 14.3%
Diabetes/Abnormal blood glucose levels 18.6% 7.0% 11.1% 11.4%
HIV Positive/AIDS 24.0% 1.8% 0.0% 14.6% 29.2%
High cholesterol 22.4%
Overweight/obesity 54.6%
Syphilis 3.8%
Tuberculosis 27.3%
Asthma 4.0% 9.8%
Any chronic medical condition 46.3% 89.1%