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Calorie restriction elicits a hormetic response in yeast cells. a The ROS defense system is upregulated in calorie-restricted mitochondria. The CR/NR ratio for the antioxidant enzymes (Cu–Zn SOD, Mn SOD, GPx) is shown. b Cross protection bestowed by calorie restriction to future stress as determined by hydrogen peroxide sensitivity (Halo) assay. ***p < 0.001, *p < 0.05
