TABLE 1.
Study-group characteristics
| Lean1 | Obese | P | |
| n | 12 | 9 | — |
| Age (y) | 32.8 ± 9.22 | 35.8 ± 10.6 | 0.4 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4 ± 1.7 | 40.4 ± 4.6 | <0.001 |
| Body fat (%) | 17.7 ± 6.6 | 37.6 ± 3.2 | <0.001 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)3 | 91.9 ± 5.4 | 91.9 ± 3.6 | 0.87 |
| 2-h plasma glucose (mg/dL)3 | 109.9 ± 32.4 | 124.3 ± 30.6 | 0.28 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (μIU/mL)4 | 6.6 ± 0.4 | 10.3 ± 4.5 | 0.007 |
| 2-h plasma insulin (μIU/mL)4 | 25.9 ± 24.0 | 70.3 ± 37.5 | 0.009 |
| Weight-maintaining calories (kcal)5 | 2672 ± 44 | 3127 ± 185 | <0.001 |
| Transit time with 2400-kcal/d diet (min)6 | 1139 ± 391 | 951 ± 407 | 0.33 |
| Transit time with 3400-kcal/d diet (min)6 | 1158 ± 601 | 1126 ± 340 | 0.89 |
1
One overweight subject with a BMI (in kg/m2) of 26.1 was included in the lean group.
2
Mean ± SD (all such values).
3
Conversion factor to the International System of Units is 0.0555 (mg/dL to mmol/L).
4
Conversion factor to the International System of Units is 6.945 (μIU/mL to pmol/L).
5
The following equation was used to calculate individual weight-maintaining calories while in the inpatient clinical research unit: body weight × 9.5 + 1973 (for derivation of equation, see reference 23).
6
Time between diet ingestion (including the nonabsorbable dye marker) and excretion of the dye marker in stools.