TABLE 4.
β Cell response at baseline and at 8 wk by diet group1
| Diet | Baseline | 8 Weeks | P for diet2 |
| No. of subjects | |||
| RedCHO/higher-fat | 40 | 34 | — |
| STD | 29 | 28 | — |
| ΦB (109 minminus1) | |||
| RedCHO/higher-fat | 9.4 ± 0.63 | 9.5 ± 0.7 | 0.707 |
| STD | 9.3 ± 0.7 | 9.1 ± 0.5 | — |
| ΦS (109 minminus1) | |||
| RedCHO/higher-fat | 59.8 ± 6.5 | 51.7 ± 7.2 | 0.02 |
| STD | 60.0 ± 6.3 | 71.0 ± 6.6 | — |
| ΦD (109)4 | |||
| RedCHO/higher-fat | 405.9 ± 41.7 | 391.7 ± 48.5 | 0.2 |
| STD | 566.9 ± 38.3 | 568.9 ± 44.0 | — |
| X0 (ng/mL)45 | |||
| RedCHO/higher-fat | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.9 ± 0.6 | 0.502 |
| STD | 5.7 ± 0.7 | 5.5 ± 0.6 | — |
| SRB (pg ⋅ mLminus1 ⋅ minminus1)5 | |||
| RedCHO/higher-fat | 130.5 ± 9.7 | 133.8 ± 11.8 | 0.504 |
| STD | 131.1 ± 9.1 | 128.4 ± 8.2 | — |
RedCHO, reduced-carbohydrate; STD, standard; ФB, β cell response to glucose during the basal condition; ФS, amount of insulin secreted for a given amount of glucose during nonbasal conditions; ФD, response of the β cell to an increase in glucose; X0, measure of the amount of insulin released immediately after the glucose stimulus; SRB, measure of the basal insulin secretion rate. β Cell response measures were log10-transformed before analysis. Mean and SEM values were back-transformed from log10 values used for analysis.
By ANCOVA; effect of diet on 8-wk β cell response measures, after adjustment for baseline β cell response measures.
Mean ± SEM (all such values).
P ≤ 0.05 (2-sample t test for significant differences between diet groups at baseline).
Conversion to International System of Units (pmol/L): multiply by 0.331.