Table 1.

Adjusted Relative Risk of Selected Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction Plasma Markers for Women in the Highest vs Lowest Quartiles in the Women’s Health Initiative^a

Marker	RR (95% CI)
Inflammation plasma markersb
TNF-R2 level	1.47 (1.10–1.97)
IL-6 level	3.08 (2.25–4.23)
hsCRP level	3.46 (2.50–4.80)
Endothelial dysfunction plasma markersc
E-selectin level	3.46 (2.56–4.68)
ICAM-1 level	2.34 (1.75–3.13)
VCAM-1 level	1.48 (1.07–2.04)

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; ICAM-1, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1; IL-6, interleukin 6; RR, relative risk; TNF-R2, tumor necrosis factor receptor 2; VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1.

^aResults from the same nested case-control study used in the present risk prediction study. The model was adjusted for matching factors (age, race/ethnicity, clinical center, time of blood draw, and length of follow-up), body mass index, alcohol intake, level of physical activity, cigarette smoking status, use or nonuse of postmenopausal hormone therapy, and presence or absence of family history of diabetes. Plasma markers were not mutually adjusted in the model.

^bFrom Liu et al.¹⁴

^cFrom Song et al.²¹