Table 1.

Baseline clinical characteristics

Characteristic
No. patients/no. female	18/7
No. paroxysmal/persistent AF	7/11
Age (years)	57 ± 13
History of AF (months)	91 ± 71
Left atrial diameter (mm)	45 ± 8
LV EF (%)	64 ± 9
LV dysfunction (EF <50%)	1 (6)
Hypertension	8 (44)
Coronary disease (%)	3 (17)
Diabetes mellitus	2 (11)
Prior cardiac surgery	1 (6)
Medications
RAAS inhibitors	7 (39)
Prior amiodarone therapy	10 (56)

Values are given as mean ± SD or number (percent) unless otherwise indicated.

AF = atrial fibrillation; EF = ejection fraction; LV = left ventricular; RAAS = Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-Axis.