Table 2. Odds ratios (ORs) for high HbA_1c ^a according to each of 3 types of insomnia symptoms (n = 1,022).

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Variables	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Difficulty in initiating sleep
Lasting more than 2 weeks	N/A	—	—
Sometimes	1.54 (0.75–3.14)	—	—
Seldom or never	1.00	—	—
Difficulty in maintaining sleep
Lasting more than 2 weeks	—	6.79 (1.86–24.85)*	—
Sometimes	—	2.33 (1.19–4.55)*	—
Seldom or never	—	1.00	—
Early morning awakening
Lasting more than 2 weeks	—	—	3.96 (1.24–12.59)*
Sometimes	—	—	1.27 (0.67–2.41)
Seldom or never	—	—	1.00
Age (y)	1.11 (1.07–1.15)*	1.11 (1.07–1.15)*	1.10 (1.06–1.14)*
Body mass index (kg/m2)	1.27 (1.16–1.38)*	1.27 (1.17–1.39)*	1.27 (1.17–1.39)*
Sleep duration <6 h	0.69 (0.36–1.30)	0.54 (0.28–1.05)	0.60 (0.31–1.15)
Smoking status
Current	2.46 (0.99–6.12)	2.71 (1.08–6.80)*	2.59 (1.04–6.46)*
Past	2.30 (0.94–5.62)	2.12 (0.86–5.23)	2.08 (0.85–5.11)
Never	1.00	1.00	1.00
Drinking habit
Every day	1.04 (0.41–2.64)	0.94 (0.37–2.39)	0.99 (0.39–2.53)
Occasional	1.00 (0.40–2.54)	0.88 (0.34–2.24)	0.94 (0.37–2.39)
Never	1.00	1.00	1.00
Regular physical activityb	1.35 (0.74–2.46)	1.51 (0.82–2.78)	1.36 (0.75–2.48)
Family history of diabetes	1.84 (0.87–3.89)	1.90 (0.89–4.05)	1.79 (0.84–3.80)

CI, confidence interval. ^*P<0.05.

A dash (—) indicates that the item was not included in the model.

^aHigh HbA_1c was defined as a blood level of hemoglobin A_1c ≥6.0%.

^bRegular physical activity was defined as continuing for at least 30 minutes, 2 times/week, for more than a year.