Table 1. Study population.

	Females	Males
Number	148	383
Median age (total range), years**	73 (51−91)	67 (55−93)
Number with diabetes	28	65
Number taking fibrates	5	7
Number taking statins*	118	336
Number taking ACE inhibitors	76	212
Number taking β-blockers	123	328
BMI (median, IQ range) kg/m2	27.0 (22.7−31.6)	26.5 (24.5−29.4)
Plasma triglyceride (median, IQ range) mmol/L	1.46 (1.05−1.96)	1.49 (1.03−2.06)
Plasma HDL-cholesterol (median, IQ range) mmol/L	1.25 (1.06−1.54)	1.07 (0.91−1.26)
Plasma non-HDL-cholesterol (median, IQ range) mmol/L	3.33 (2.53−4.31)	2.99 (2.50−3.67)
Plasma coenzyme Q (median, IQ range) µmol/L	0.65 (0.52−0.87)	0.70 (0.54−0.86)
Plasma betaine (median, IQ range) µmol/L***	38.9 (30.8−46.0)	44.5 (35.0−57.5)
Plasma DMG (median, IQ range) µmol/L*	3.4 (2.2−4.8)	3.8 (2.7−5.2)
Urine betaine/creatinine (median, IQ range) mmol/mole cr	8.2 (4.4−17.7)	9.2 (5.9−17.6)
Urine DMG/creatinine (median, IQ range) mmol/mole cr	2.4 (1.4−4.3)	2.9 (1.5−5.9)

cr: creatinine. DMG: N,N-dimethylglycine. IQ: interquartile. HDL: high density lipoprotein. Significance of gender differences: *p<0.05;

**p<0.01;

***p<0.001.