Table 3.
Predicting binary zero non-zero language outcomes for English and Spanish Morphosyntax and semantics outcomes
| Morphosyntax | Semantics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Odds Ratio | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | P-value | Odds Ratio | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | P-value |
| Spanish Language Outcomes | ||||||||
| Texas B (vs. Texas A) | .63 | .33 | 1.18 | .148 | 1.03 | .61 | 1.72 | .922 |
| Ogden (vs. Texas A) | .62 | .27 | 1.42 | .258 | .98 | .45 | 2.15 | .959 |
| Female | .49 | .28 | .85 | .012 | .95 | .60 | 1.52 | .842 |
| Free Lunch (vs. Regular) | .43 | .20 | .90 | .025 | .41 | .21 | .81 | .010 |
| Reduced Lunch (vs. Regular) | .32 | .12 | .85 | .022 | .24 | .11 | .55 | .001 |
| Father HS (vs. no HS) | 1.20 | .58 | 2.48 | .620 | 1.16 | .60 | 2.24 | .654 |
| Father College (vs. no HS) | 1.03 | .42 | 2.52 | .954 | 1.38 | .68 | 2.80 | .370 |
| Mother HS (vs. no HS) | 1.57 | .75 | 3.27 | .226 | 1.69 | .87 | 3.29 | .123 |
| Mother College (vs. no HS) | 1.52 | .66 | 3.49 | .328 | 1.33 | .63 | 2.79 | .456 |
| Age in months (12 months increase) | .77 | .38 | 1.55 | .458 | 1.29 | .70 | 2.38 | .421 |
| Spanish language output (20% increase) | .25 | .18 | .35 | <.001 | .35 | .24 | .51 | <.001 |
| Spanish language input (20% increase) | .56 | .42 | .75 | <.001 | .67 | .50 | .89 | .006 |
| English Language Outcomes | ||||||||
| Texas B (vs. Texas A) | .75 | .45 | 1.25 | .276 | 1.04 | .57 | 1.90 | .892 |
| Utah C (vs. Texas A) | .93 | .48 | 1.79 | .828 | 1.36 | .59 | 3.16 | .469 |
| Female | .78 | .50 | 1.22 | .274 | .77 | .45 | 1.32 | .347 |
| Free Lunch (vs. Regular) | .69 | .37 | 1.29 | .245 | .48 | .23 | .97 | .042 |
| Reduced Lunch (vs. Regular) | .43 | .18 | 1.02 | .055 | .44 | .17 | 1.14 | .090 |
| Father HS (vs. no HS) | 1.56 | .87 | 2.79 | .137 | 1.84 | .91 | 3.71 | .088 |
| Father College (vs. no HS) | 1.02 | .42 | 2.52 | .960 | .68 | .18 | 2.58 | .569 |
| Mother HS (vs. no HS) | .58 | .33 | 1.04 | .066 | .48 | .24 | .99 | .046 |
| Mother College (vs. no HS) | .43 | .17 | 1.06 | .067 | .24 | .05 | 1.05 | .059 |
| Age in Months (12 months increase) | .42 | .21 | .81 | .010 | .37 | .17 | .84 | .017 |
| English language output (20% increase) | .49 | .37 | .64 | <.001 | .47 | .33 | .67 | <.001 |
| English language input (20% increase) | .81 | .62 | 1.07 | .137 | .71 | .49 | 1.01 | .059 |
Note: Odds ratios greater than one indicate a positive relationship between a one unit increase in the predictor and a corresponding increase in the conditional odds of having a zero response. Odds ratios less than one indicate a negative relationship between a one unit increase in the predictor and a corresponding decrease in the conditional odds of having a zero response. All Odds ratios are adjusted for the other predictors in the model.