Table 2.

Prevalence of HIV-related eye disease within different risk groups in Cape Town and Mumbai populations

	Overall study population			Participants with CD4 count <200 cells/μl			Participants staged at WHO clinical stage 3 or 4
Prevalence % (95% confidence interval), n	Cape Town (n = 157)	Mumbai (n = 149)	P	Cape Town (n = 120)	Mumbai (n = 84)	P	Cape Town (n = 99)	Mumbai (n = 83)	P
Overall HIV ocular disease	12.1% (7.4–18.3)	17.5% (11.7–24.5)	0.19	13.3% (7.8–20.7)	23.8% (15.2–34.3)	0.05	15.5% (8.7–23.8)	27.2% (18.4–38.6)	0.05
	19	26		16	20		15	23
Overall retinal opportunistic infections†	2.6% (0.7–6.4)	11.4% (6.8–17.6)	0.003	2.5% (0.5–7.1)	15.5% (8.5–25.0)	0.001	4.0% (1.1–10.0)	19.3% (11.4–29.4)	0.001
	4	17		3	13		4	16
Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR)	1.3% (0.1–4.5)	8.7% (4.7–14.4)	0.003	0.8% (0.02–4.5)	11.9% (5.8–20.8)	0.001	2.0% (0.2–7.1)	14.4% (7.7–23.9)	0.002
	2	13		1	10		2	12
Ocular TB and toxoplasmosis	1.3% (0.1–4.5)	2.7% (0.7–6.7)	0.38	1.6% (0.2–5.9)	3.6% (0.7–10.0)	0.39	2.0% (0.2–7.1)	4.8% (1.3–11.8)	0.29
	2	4		2	3		2	4
Other conditions
Optic neuropathy	3.8% (1.4–8.1)	2.0% (0.4–5.8)	0.5	4.2% (1.4–9.5)	0 (0)	0.08	4.0% (1.0–10.0)	2.4% (0.3–8.4)	0.69
	6	3		5			4	2
HIV retinopathy	5.1% (2.2–9.8)	4.7% (1.9–9.4)	0.87	5.0% (1.9–10.6)	8.3% (3.4–16.4)	0.34	5.1% (1.7–11.4)	6.0% 2.0–13.5	0.77
	8	7		6	7		5	5

*NB – participants could have more than one condition, so values within subsets may not reflect overall total.

^†Retinal opportunistic infections: CMVR, choroidal TB, toxoplasmosis.