Table 4.
Paralogs of LPS biosynthesis and translocation proteins in L. pneumophila strains.
| Enzyme | Molecular function | L. pneumophila strains | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Corby | Philadelphia-1 | Lens | Paris | 2300/99 Alcoy | ||
| Lipid a biosynthesis | ||||||
| LpxA | UDP–N-acetylglucosamine acyltransferase | LPC_2835 | Lpg0511 | Lpl0549 | Lpp0573 | Lpa_00769 |
| LPC_3254 | Lpg2943 | Lpl2874 | Lpp3016 | Lpa_04308 | ||
| LpxC | UDP–3-O-[3-hydroxymyristoyl] N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase | LPC_0533 | Lpg2608 | Lpl2531 | Lpp2661 | Lpa_03814 |
| LpxD | UDP–3-O-[3-hydroxymyristoyl] glucosamine N-acyltransferase | LPC_0119 | Lpg0100 | Lpl0100 | Lpp0114 | Lpa_00149 |
| LPC_2837 | Lpg0508 | Lpl0547 | Lpp0571 | Lpa_00766 | ||
| LPC_3255 | Lpg2944 | Lpl2873 | Lpp3015 | Lpa_04309 | ||
| LpxH | UDP–2,3-diacylglucosamine hydrolase | LPC_0973 | Lpg1552 | Lpl1474 | Lpp1509 | Lpa_02254 |
| LpxB | Lipid A disaccharide synthase | LPC_0787 | Lpg1371 | Lpl1322 | Lpp1325 | Lpa_02021 |
| LPC_3256 | Lpg2945 | Lpl2872 | Lpp3014 | Lpa_04311 | ||
| LpxK | Tetraacyldisaccharide 4′-kinase | LPC_1262* | Lpg1818* | Lpl1782* | Lpp1781* | Lpa_02629* |
| Tetraacyldisaccharide-1-P-4′-kinase | LPC_1374 | Lpg1920 | Lpl1884 | Lpp1895 | Lpa_02777 | |
| KdtA (WaaA) | 3-Deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid transferase | LPC_1808 | Lpg2340 | Lpl2261 | Lpp2288 | Lpa_03350 |
| LpxL (WaaM) | Lipid A acyltransferase | LPC_2981 | Lpg0363 | Lpl0404 | Lpp0428 | Lpa_00577 |
| LPC_3251# | Lpg2940# | Lpl2870# | Lpp3012# | Lpa_04304# | ||
| LPC_3252# | Lpg2941# | Lpl2871# | Lpp3013# | Lpa_04305# | ||
| Core region biosynthesis | ||||||
| WaaQ | Heptosyl transferase | LPC_0441 | lpg2695 | Lpl2622 | Lpp2749 | Lpa_03933 |
| RmlA (RfbA) | Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase | LPC_2532 | Lpg0760 | Lpl0797 | Lpp0826 | Lpa_01168 |
| RmlB (RfbB) | dTDP–glucose 4,6-dehydratase RmlB | LPC_2534 | Lpg0758 | Lpl0795 | Lpp0824 | Lpa_01166 |
| RmlC | dTDP–4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase | LPC_2536 | Lpg0756 | Lpl0793 | Lpp0822 | Lpa_01164 |
| RmlD | dTDP–6-deoxy-l-mannose dehydrogenase | LPC_2535 | Lpg0757 | Lpl0793 | Lpp0823 | Lpa_01165 |
| Glycosyltransferase | LPC_2515 | Lpg0779 | Lpl0818 | Lpp0843 | Lpa_01190 | |
| Glycosyltransferase | LPC_2516 | Lpg0778 | Lpl0817 | Lpp0842 | Lpa_01189 | |
| O-Chain biosynthesis | ||||||
| KdsA (NeuB) | 3-Deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO) 8-phosphate synthase | LPC_0649 | Lpg1182 | Lpl1191 | Lpp1185 | Lpa_01838 |
| HAD superfamily transporter hydrolase | LPC_2456 | Lpg0839 | Lpl0870 | Lpp0901 | Lpa_01272 | |
| KdsB | 3-Deoxy-manno-octulosonate | LPC_1373 | Lpg1919 | Lpl1883 | Lpp1894 | Lpa_02777 |
| GmhA | Phosphoheptose isomerase | LPC_3308 | Lpg2993 | Lpl2921 | Lpp3064 | Lpa_04384 |
| HisB | d,d-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase | LPC_1283 | Lpg1838 | Lpl1803 | Lpp1802 | Lpa_02656 |
| WecE | Aminotransferase, predicted pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme | LPC_0840 | Lpg1424 | Lpl1375 | Lpp1379 | Lpa_02088 |
| Lag-1 | O-Acetyltransferase, acetylation of the O-polysaccharide | LPC_2517 | Lpg0777 | Lpl0816 | Lpp0841 | Lpa_01188 |
| NeuC (NnaA) | N-Acylglucosamine 2-epimerase | LPC_2539 | Lpg0753 | Lpl0790 | Lpp0819 | Lpa_01161 |
| NeuB | N-Acetylneuraminic acid synthetase | LPC_2540 | Lpg0752 | Lpl0789 | Lpp0818 | Lpa_01160 |
| LPC_2524 | Lpg0768 | Lpg0809 | Lpp0833 | Lpa_01177 | ||
| NeuA | CMP–N-acetylneuraminic acid synthetase | LPC_2541 | Lpg0751 | Lpl0788 | Lpp0817 | Lpa_01159 |
| WecA | O-Antigen initiating glycosyl transferase | LPC_2530 | Lpg0762 | Lpl0799 | Lpp0828 | Lpa_01171 |
| LPS translocation | ||||||
| MsbA | Lipid A export ATP-binding/permease protein MsbA | LPC_1263* | Lpg1819* | Lpl1783* | Lpp1782* | Lpa_02631* |
| Wzt** | LPS O-antigen ABC transporter Wzt | LPC_2519 | Lpg0773 | Lpl0814 | Lpp0838 | Lpa_01186 |
| Wzm** | LPS O-antigen ABC transporter Wzm | LPC_2520 | Lpg0772 | Lpl0813 | Lpp0837 | Lpa_01184 |
The protein paralogs share a high level of homology. In general they have 96–100% of identity and 97–100% of positivity.
#Indicates the proteins with lower homology (73–90%).
*The lpxK–msbA cluster exists in many Gram-negative bacteria. MsbA is known as a specific transporter, which exports core–lipid A from the cytoplasmic to the periplasmic face of the inner membrane, while LpxK phosphorylates the 4′-position of lipid A.
**The genes wzm and wzt are specific for the Sg1 LPS gene cluster and can be used for rapid detection of L. pneumophila Sg1 in clinical and environmental isolates (Cazalet et al., 2008).