Table 1.
Pancreatic cancer risk factors
| Factor | Type | Group | Maximum risk to average ratio |
| Smoking | Exogenous | Behavioral | 3 |
| Alcohol | Exogenous | Behavioral | Non-significant |
| Diet/obesity | Exogenous | Behavioral | 1.72 |
| Occupational hazard | Exogenous | Environmental | - |
| Radiation | Exogenous | Environmental | Inconclusive |
| Age | Endogenous | Biological | - |
| Race | Endogenous | Biological/behavioral/environmental | 1.4 |
| Family history | Endogenous | Genetic | 32 |
| Peutz-Jeghers syndrome | Endogenous | Genetic | 132 |
| FAMMM syndrome | Endogenous | Genetic | 13.1 |
| HNPCC | Endogenous | Genetic | 7 |
| Hereditary pancreatitis | Endogenous | Genetic | 60 |
| Chronic pancreatitis | Endogenous | Behavioral | 26.3 |
| Diabetes mellitus | Endogenous | Biological/environmental | 2.0 |
| Hormonal | Endogenous | Biological | Inconclusive |
| Allergy | Endogenous | Biological | Non-significant |
FAMMM: Familial atypical multiple mole melanoma; HNPCC: Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma syndrome.