Table 1.
Parameters used in the economic model
| Description | Base case value | Distribution | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vaccine Efficacy | |||
| Severe infections hospitalisation (first year) | 0.945 | Lognormal mean 0.945 (SE 0.014) | [21] |
| Waning rate per year (exponential decrease) | 0 | NA | [23] |
| Mild infections requiring an office visit (average first 2 years, see Methods) | 0.874 | Lognormal mean 0.874 (SE 0.052) | [24] |
| Waning rate per year (exponential decrease) | 0.09 | NA | Assumption |
| Mild infections treated at home (first year) | 0.720 | Lognormal mean 0.720 (SE 0.040) | [21] |
| Waning rate per year (exponential decrease) | 0.18 | NA | [21] |
| Incidence per million children (<5 years) | |||
| Total number of community-acquired RV cases | 65,680 | Normalised mean: 65,680 (90%CI; 43,890-90,945)a | [9] |
| No medical help requested | 52,947 | Total number of cases minus total number of GP visits (calculated) | |
| GP visits | 12,733 | Normalised mean: 12,733 (90%CI; 6,922-20,384)a | [9] |
| Total hospitalisations | 3600 | Pert (2600; 3600; 4500) | [9] |
| Of which nosocomial infections | 13% | NA | [16] |
| Deaths as% of total number of hospitalisations | 0.02% | Triangular (0%; 0.02%; 0.12%) | [18] |
| Total QALY detriment | |||
| Rotavirus infection treated at home | [25,26] | ||
| 0-18 months | 0.0015 | See Methods section | |
| 18-59 months | 0.0025 | ||
| Rotavirus infection requiring medical attention (GP) | [25,26] | ||
| 0-18 months | 0.0022 | ||
| 18-59 months | 0.0031 | See Methods section | |
| Rotavirus infection requiring hospitalisation (including nosocomial) | [25,26] | ||
| 0-18 months | 0.0036 | See Methods section | |
| 18-59 months | 0.0042 | ||
| Total direct costs per case | |||
| Case treated at home (0-3 years)b | 4.25 | Triangular (2.66; 4.25; 7.44) | [7] |
| Case requiring GP visitb | 70.08 | Triangular (52.08; 70.08; 82.70) | [7,28] |
| Case requiring hospitalisation | 2146 | Triangular (1933; 2146; 2359) | [7,16,42] |
| Case requiring hospitalisation (nosocomial) | 1825 | Triangular (1280; 1825; 2377) | [7] |
| Total indirect cost per case (care giver taking care of child) | |||
| Case treated at home | 35.26 | Triangular (31.74; 35.26; 38.79) | [28,42] |
| Case requiring GP visit | 51.09 | Triangular (45.99; 51.09; 59.20) | [28,42] |
| Case requiring hospitalisationc | 55.41 | Triangular (49.87; 55.41; 60.95) | [28,42] |
| Case requiring hospitalisation (nosocomial) | 45.34 | Triangular (40.80; 45.34; 49.87) | [28,42] |
| Total cost per vaccinee | 50, 75, 100 | Triangular (50; 75; 100) | Assumption |
NA, not applicable; SE, standard error
a Square root transformation was applied.
b Cost for older children were lower as diapers were not assumed to be used any more in children aged 3 years and older.
c In the model indirect costs and QALYs are corrected for indirect costs and QALYs which have already occurred at the GP to avoid double counting (as we assumed that all hospitalised cases would already have visited a GP before being hospitalised).