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Radiation therapy and pathologic stage.
| Variables | APR 68 (44%) | LAR 85 (56%) | p Value |
| Preoperative radiation | 41 (60) | 67 (79) | 0.02 |
| Postoperative radiation | 5 (7) | 1 (1) | 0.06 |
| Pathologic complete response | 2 (3) | 15 (18) | 0.02 |
| Pathologic stage | 0.5 | ||
| I | 20 (29) | 30 (35) | |
| II | 18 (26) | 15 (18) | |
| III | 24 (35) | 21 (24) | |
| IV | 4 (6) | 4 (5) |
Nominal variables expressed as absolute numbers with percentage in parenthesis.
APR: Abdominoperineal resection, LAR: Low anterior resection.
